Environmental Analysis—Building a Foundation for Environmental Protection
「Environmental Analysis—Building a Foundation for Environmental Protection」於資料集「Environmental Policy Monthly」由單位「行政院環境保護署」的楊先生所提供，聯繫電話是(02)23117722#2217,(02)23117722#2216，最近更新時間為：2022-01-15 01:13:03。 欄位編號的內容是927 ， 欄位標題的內容是Environmental Analysis—Building a Foundation for Environmental Protection ， 欄位摘要的內容是After many years of implementation Taiwan’s environmental analysis system has gradually reached a state of maturity, and long-term improvements have been made in terms of manpower, equipment, systems, and experience. The number of environmental analysis organizations has risen steadily, and their combined annual revenue has surpassed NT$1.1 billion. Only sound management can ensure the correctness and reliability of environmental data, which provides the solid foundation on which environmental protection work is built.
"Environmental analysis is the foundation of environmental protection work. The successful drafting and implementation of policies, laws, and regulations depends upon the availability of accurate, reliable, and credible environmental survey and testing results. That is why the government established the EPA National Institute of Environmental Analysis in 1990." The new director general of the National Institute of Environmental Analysis (NIEA), Ms Wang Pih (王碧), described the role of the NIEA in these words.
Upgrading the Analysis Capabilities of Environmental Protection Agencies
After the NIEA was founded, besides developing its own analysis capabilities, the institute also set aside an annual budget to help the environmental analysis agencies of city and county governments. Apart from the inspection units attached to the three divisions under the EPA Chief Inspection Team and NIEA, all county and city environmental protection bureaus have established dedicated environmental inspection units responsible for pollution sampling and testing work.
The NIEA is focusing much of its effort on improving the analysis capabilities of these environmental protection agencies. As for its own analysis capabilities, the fact that the institute received Australian National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) certification in 1995 shows that it has already achieved international standards.
Furthermore, since late 1999, the institute has been helping the larger analysis laboratories of city and county environmental protection bureaus to obtain Chinese National Laboratory Accreditation (CNLA). Analysis laboratories of environmental protection bureaus in Taipei City, Taipei County, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County, Taichung City, Taichung County, Changhua County, Tainan City, and Tainan County, and those of the three inspection divisions under the Chief Inspection Team have received this certification thus far.
The budget of the NIEA clearly shows that Taiwan's environmental analysis system has achieved impressive momentum. Since the establishment of the institute in 1990, environmental analysis spending has gradually risen in pace with growing amounts of personnel, equipment, and services. This growth leveled off around 1994.
Due to the construction of an environmental analysis building in 1996, the environmental analysis budget experienced another growth spurt. With the completion of the environmental analysis building in 1998, the institute's budget again stabilized around an annual level of approximately NT$210 million.
Of the institute's annual budget of roughly NT$210 million, approximately NT$130 million goes for personnel costs, equipment and facility installation and maintenance, and other administrative expenses. Approximately NT$70 million is used for the implementation of environmental analysis. The remaining NT$10 million is used for technology R&D and related expenses.
Facilitating Private Participation in the Environmental Analysis Market
Although environmental authorities have aggressively developed their analysis capabilities, Director General Wang Pih noted, the government's analysis capabilities still fall short of the needs of environmental protection work. Realizing the need to mobilize private resources for the sake of environmental protection work, the EPA began the privatization of environmental analysis tasks as early as 1987. Afterwards, the enactment of the Management Regulations for Environmental Analysis and Testing Organizations (環境檢驗測定機構管理辦法) in 1990 laid the groundwork for the management of environmental analysis organizations in Taiwan. Today, after many years of promotion, environmental analysis has achieved a stable scale of operations in Taiwan, and the oversight of the environmental analysis industry has become a major task for the NIEA.
The number of environmental analysis organizations has kept pace with the country's rising volume of environmental protection work in recent years. After the EPA allowed participation of private firms in analysis work, market demand spurred rapid growth in this industry, and the number of firms surged from two in 1988 to as many as 61 in 1995. But since environmental analysis needs have remained steady since 1995, the growth in the number of analysis organizations has also slowed. At present 93 licensed environmental analysis organizations operate 103 laboratories, and at least 1,100 persons work for these organizations. The laboratories test roughly 250,000 samples each year, which accounts for roughly 85% of domestic environmental analysis needs. The total annual revenue of this industry is on the order of NT$1.1 billion.
Number of Licensed Environmental Analysis Organizations
Year
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
Total
Organizations licensed
2
11
11
5
7
11
11
13
3
8
3
17
4
3
3
112
Lapsed or revoked licenses
0
0
0
4
1
4
0
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
0
19
Cumulative number of organizations
2
13
24
25
31
38
49
61
63
68
70
85
88
90
93
93
Since environmental analysis demand has stabilized, Director General Wang Pih stressed that future oversight work will focus on the improvement of environmental analysis quality. Apart from continuing to review relevant laws and quality control standards, the NIEA will work to ensure the quality and credibility of environmental data by strengthening blind testing and audits of sampling locations and analysis laboratories. And to maintain high standards, the institute will provide analysis seminars, training classes and guidance services to analysis industry personnel.
To bring Taiwan's oversight of the environmental analysis industry up to international standards, the institute plans to promote the certification of laboratories under the International Organization for Standardization’s “Ordinary Calibration and Testing Laboratory Requirements” (ISO-10725) and will also strive to integrate with the CNLA certification system.
In addition, the registered business items of analysis organizations are mostly limited to conventional analysis tasks. To meet domestic analysis needs and raise industry standards, the NIEA is currently encouraging organizations to offer more technically-challenging test items, which could enable them to expand their business scope and scale of operations.
Establishment of Standard Analysis Methods
The improvement of the analysis capabilities of environmental protection agencies and private analysis firms and the establishment of standard analysis methods are both of the utmost importance for strengthening the country's environmental analysis system. Since many environmental protection laws were enacted at an early date in Taiwan, the NIEA has worked steadily to formulate the standard analysis methods needed to accompany laws and regulations.
Over the years, the EPA has announced environmental analysis methods in a number of categories, including 108 in the "air" category, 176 in the "water quality" category, 161 in the "waste" category, 17 in the "toxic chemical" category, 17 in the "soil" category, 37 in the "environmental agents" category and 53 in the "environmental biology" category, and 573 methods have been announced in all.
With respect to the formulation of standard analysis methods, the Director General explained that because a great number of standard methods still needed to be drafted in the past, and because the EPA had yet to firmly establish a system and experience for the drafting of these standards, there were sometimes instances in which analysis methods did not coordinate with approved regulatory standards.
But now that the NIEA has established a system for drafting standard analysis methods, and has accumulated considerable experience, it is now able to draft analysis methods with greater speed, and can keep pace with the enactment of environmental protection legislation. Taking the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act (土壤及地下水污染整治法) as an example, the act took effect on February 2, 2000 and standard analysis methods are now largely in place, ensuring that all soil and groundwater pollution analysis can proceed smoothly.
Outline of Future Analysis Policies
Discussing the endeavors of the NIEA, Director General Wang Pih emphasized that her administrative tasks are ongoing, and major work items have been added gradually to the institute's operations over the last few years. But to meet overall environmental protection needs, the institute will particularly stress the following tasks:
1. Strengthening quality control and quality assurance of EPA-contracted projects: The NIEA is qualified to assist the EPA in performing contracted project QA, QC and audit work. The institute plans to improve project data quality and provide more credible environmental information as a decision-making reference. In addition, the institute will also formulate environmental database QA criteria and deploy a data quality validation system to safeguard the quality of the data in environmental databases.
2. Strengthening the formulation of standard environmental analysis methods: The institute will accelerate the formulation of standard analysis methods to meet the needs of new environmental protection laws and regulations. Emphasis will be placed on the development of automated, high-efficiency, low-pollution, environmentally-friendly techniques.
3. Achieving more timely emergency response capabilities: In accordance with the EPA's policy, the institute will cooperate with environmental protection agencies at all levels to perform large-scale mission-oriented investigative work in event of emergencies. The institute will be prepared to provide accurate real-time analysis data for use as a decision-making reference in the aftermath of major pollution incidents.
4. Putting management of environmental analysis organizations on a sound footing: The institute will adopt active and effective management measures, and will strive to ensure high-quality, credible environmental data by emphasizing the representativeness of samples, sampling professionalism and integrity of the sample analysis chain.
[CAPTION: Future environmental analysis work will emphasize the improvement of sampling quality.] ， 欄位全文的內容是After many years of implementation Taiwan’s environmental analysis system has gradually reached a state of maturity, and long-term improvements have been made in terms of manpower, equipment, systems, and experience. The number of environmental analysis organizations has risen steadily, and their combined annual revenue has surpassed NT$1.1 billion. Only sound management can ensure the correctness and reliability of environmental data, which provides the solid foundation on which environmental protection work is built.
"Environmental analysis is the foundation of environmental protection work. The successful drafting and implementation of policies, laws, and regulations depends upon the availability of accurate, reliable, and credible environmental survey and testing results. That is why the government established the EPA National Institute of Environmental Analysis in 1990." The new director general of the National Institute of Environmental Analysis (NIEA), Ms Wang Pih (王碧), described the role of the NIEA in these words.
Upgrading the Analysis Capabilities of Environmental Protection Agencies
After the NIEA was founded, besides developing its own analysis capabilities, the institute also set aside an annual budget to help the environmental analysis agencies of city and county governments. Apart from the inspection units attached to the three divisions under the EPA Chief Inspection Team and NIEA, all county and city environmental protection bureaus have established dedicated environmental inspection units responsible for pollution sampling and testing work.
The NIEA is focusing much of its effort on improving the analysis capabilities of these environmental protection agencies. As for its own analysis capabilities, the fact that the institute received Australian National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) certification in 1995 shows that it has already achieved international standards.
Furthermore, since late 1999, the institute has been helping the larger analysis laboratories of city and county environmental protection bureaus to obtain Chinese National Laboratory Accreditation (CNLA). Analysis laboratories of environmental protection bureaus in Taipei City, Taipei County, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County, Taichung City, Taichung County, Changhua County, Tainan City, and Tainan County, and those of the three inspection divisions under the Chief Inspection Team have received this certification thus far.
The budget of the NIEA clearly shows that Taiwan's environmental analysis system has achieved impressive momentum. Since the establishment of the institute in 1990, environmental analysis spending has gradually risen in pace with growing amounts of personnel, equipment, and services. This growth leveled off around 1994.
Due to the construction of an environmental analysis building in 1996, the environmental analysis budget experienced another growth spurt. With the completion of the environmental analysis building in 1998, the institute's budget again stabilized around an annual level of approximately NT$210 million.
Of the institute's annual budget of roughly NT$210 million, approximately NT$130 million goes for personnel costs, equipment and facility installation and maintenance, and other administrative expenses. Approximately NT$70 million is used for the implementation of environmental analysis. The remaining NT$10 million is used for technology R&D and related expenses.
Facilitating Private Participation in the Environmental Analysis Market
Although environmental authorities have aggressively developed their analysis capabilities, Director General Wang Pih noted, the government's analysis capabilities still fall short of the needs of environmental protection work. Realizing the need to mobilize private resources for the sake of environmental protection work, the EPA began the privatization of environmental analysis tasks as early as 1987. Afterwards, the enactment of the Management Regulations for Environmental Analysis and Testing Organizations (環境檢驗測定機構管理辦法) in 1990 laid the groundwork for the management of environmental analysis organizations in Taiwan. Today, after many years of promotion, environmental analysis has achieved a stable scale of operations in Taiwan, and the oversight of the environmental analysis industry has become a major task for the NIEA.
The number of environmental analysis organizations has kept pace with the country's rising volume of environmental protection work in recent years. After the EPA allowed participation of private firms in analysis work, market demand spurred rapid growth in this industry, and the number of firms surged from two in 1988 to as many as 61 in 1995. But since environmental analysis needs have remained steady since 1995, the growth in the number of analysis organizations has also slowed. At present 93 licensed environmental analysis organizations operate 103 laboratories, and at least 1,100 persons work for these organizations. The laboratories test roughly 250,000 samples each year, which accounts for roughly 85% of domestic environmental analysis needs. The total annual revenue of this industry is on the order of NT$1.1 billion.
Number of Licensed Environmental Analysis Organizations
Year
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
Total
Organizations licensed
2
11
11
5
7
11
11
13
3
8
3
17
4
3
3
112
Lapsed or revoked licenses
0
0
0
4
1
4
0
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
0
19
Cumulative number of organizations
2
13
24
25
31
38
49
61
63
68
70
85
88
90
93
93
Since environmental analysis demand has stabilized, Director General Wang Pih stressed that future oversight work will focus on the improvement of environmental analysis quality. Apart from continuing to review relevant laws and quality control standards, the NIEA will work to ensure the quality and credibility of environmental data by strengthening blind testing and audits of sampling locations and analysis laboratories. And to maintain high standards, the institute will provide analysis seminars, training classes and guidance services to analysis industry personnel.
To bring Taiwan's oversight of the environmental analysis industry up to international standards, the institute plans to promote the certification of laboratories under the International Organization for Standardization’s “Ordinary Calibration and Testing Laboratory Requirements” (ISO-10725) and will also strive to integrate with the CNLA certification system.
In addition, the registered business items of analysis organizations are mostly limited to conventional analysis tasks. To meet domestic analysis needs and raise industry standards, the NIEA is currently encouraging organizations to offer more technically-challenging test items, which could enable them to expand their business scope and scale of operations.
Establishment of Standard Analysis Methods
The improvement of the analysis capabilities of environmental protection agencies and private analysis firms and the establishment of standard analysis methods are both of the utmost importance for strengthening the country's environmental analysis system. Since many environmental protection laws were enacted at an early date in Taiwan, the NIEA has worked steadily to formulate the standard analysis methods needed to accompany laws and regulations.
Over the years, the EPA has announced environmental analysis methods in a number of categories, including 108 in the "air" category, 176 in the "water quality" category, 161 in the "waste" category, 17 in the "toxic chemical" category, 17 in the "soil" category, 37 in the "environmental agents" category and 53 in the "environmental biology" category, and 573 methods have been announced in all.
With respect to the formulation of standard analysis methods, the Director General explained that because a great number of standard methods still needed to be drafted in the past, and because the EPA had yet to firmly establish a system and experience for the drafting of these standards, there were sometimes instances in which analysis methods did not coordinate with approved regulatory standards.
But now that the NIEA has established a system for drafting standard analysis methods, and has accumulated considerable experience, it is now able to draft analysis methods with greater speed, and can keep pace with the enactment of environmental protection legislation. Taking the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act (土壤及地下水污染整治法) as an example, the act took effect on February 2, 2000 and standard analysis methods are now largely in place, ensuring that all soil and groundwater pollution analysis can proceed smoothly.
Outline of Future Analysis Policies
Discussing the endeavors of the NIEA, Director General Wang Pih emphasized that her administrative tasks are ongoing, and major work items have been added gradually to the institute's operations over the last few years. But to meet overall environmental protection needs, the institute will particularly stress the following tasks:
1. Strengthening quality control and quality assurance of EPA-contracted projects: The NIEA is qualified to assist the EPA in performing contracted project QA, QC and audit work. The institute plans to improve project data quality and provide more credible environmental information as a decision-making reference. In addition, the institute will also formulate environmental database QA criteria and deploy a data quality validation system to safeguard the quality of the data in environmental databases.
2. Strengthening the formulation of standard environmental analysis methods: The institute will accelerate the formulation of standard analysis methods to meet the needs of new environmental protection laws and regulations. Emphasis will be placed on the development of automated, high-efficiency, low-pollution, environmentally-friendly techniques.
3. Achieving more timely emergency response capabilities: In accordance with the EPA's policy, the institute will cooperate with environmental protection agencies at all levels to perform large-scale mission-oriented investigative work in event of emergencies. The institute will be prepared to provide accurate real-time analysis data for use as a decision-making reference in the aftermath of major pollution incidents.
4. Putting management of environmental analysis organizations on a sound footing: The institute will adopt active and effective management measures, and will strive to ensure high-quality, credible environmental data by emphasizing the representativeness of samples, sampling professionalism and integrity of the sample analysis chain.
[CAPTION: Future environmental analysis work will emphasize the improvement of sampling quality.] ， 欄位年度的內容是2002 ， 欄位月份的內容是5 ， 欄位卷的內容是5 ， 欄位期的內容是5 ， 欄位順序的內容是1 ， 欄位倒序的內容是2 ， 欄位分類的內容是Environmental Analysis ， 欄位標題2的內容是Environmental Analysis—Building a Foundation for Environmental Protection ， 欄位檔案位置的內容是print/V5/V5-05 。
編號
927
標題
Environmental Analysis—Building a Foundation for Environmental Protection
摘要
After many years of implementation Taiwan’s environmental analysis system has gradually reached a state of maturity, and long-term improvements have been made in terms of manpower, equipment, systems, and experience. The number of environmental analysis organizations has risen steadily, and their combined annual revenue has surpassed NT$1.1 billion. Only sound management can ensure the correctness and reliability of environmental data, which provides the solid foundation on which environmental protection work is built. "Environmental analysis is the foundation of environmental protection work. The successful drafting and implementation of policies, laws, and regulations depends upon the availability of accurate, reliable, and credible environmental survey and testing results. That is why the government established the EPA National Institute of Environmental Analysis in 1990." The new director general of the National Institute of Environmental Analysis (NIEA), Ms Wang Pih (王碧), described the role of the NIEA in these words. Upgrading the Analysis Capabilities of Environmental Protection Agencies After the NIEA was founded, besides developing its own analysis capabilities, the institute also set aside an annual budget to help the environmental analysis agencies of city and county governments. Apart from the inspection units attached to the three divisions under the EPA Chief Inspection Team and NIEA, all county and city environmental protection bureaus have established dedicated environmental inspection units responsible for pollution sampling and testing work. The NIEA is focusing much of its effort on improving the analysis capabilities of these environmental protection agencies. As for its own analysis capabilities, the fact that the institute received Australian National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) certification in 1995 shows that it has already achieved international standards. Furthermore, since late 1999, the institute has been helping the larger analysis laboratories of city and county environmental protection bureaus to obtain Chinese National Laboratory Accreditation (CNLA). Analysis laboratories of environmental protection bureaus in Taipei City, Taipei County, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County, Taichung City, Taichung County, Changhua County, Tainan City, and Tainan County, and those of the three inspection divisions under the Chief Inspection Team have received this certification thus far. The budget of the NIEA clearly shows that Taiwan's environmental analysis system has achieved impressive momentum. Since the establishment of the institute in 1990, environmental analysis spending has gradually risen in pace with growing amounts of personnel, equipment, and services. This growth leveled off around 1994. Due to the construction of an environmental analysis building in 1996, the environmental analysis budget experienced another growth spurt. With the completion of the environmental analysis building in 1998, the institute's budget again stabilized around an annual level of approximately NT$210 million. Of the institute's annual budget of roughly NT$210 million, approximately NT$130 million goes for personnel costs, equipment and facility installation and maintenance, and other administrative expenses. Approximately NT$70 million is used for the implementation of environmental analysis. The remaining NT$10 million is used for technology R&D and related expenses. Facilitating Private Participation in the Environmental Analysis Market Although environmental authorities have aggressively developed their analysis capabilities, Director General Wang Pih noted, the government's analysis capabilities still fall short of the needs of environmental protection work. Realizing the need to mobilize private resources for the sake of environmental protection work, the EPA began the privatization of environmental analysis tasks as early as 1987. Afterwards, the enactment of the Management Regulations for Environmental Analysis and Testing Organizations (環境檢驗測定機構管理辦法) in 1990 laid the groundwork for the management of environmental analysis organizations in Taiwan. Today, after many years of promotion, environmental analysis has achieved a stable scale of operations in Taiwan, and the oversight of the environmental analysis industry has become a major task for the NIEA. The number of environmental analysis organizations has kept pace with the country's rising volume of environmental protection work in recent years. After the EPA allowed participation of private firms in analysis work, market demand spurred rapid growth in this industry, and the number of firms surged from two in 1988 to as many as 61 in 1995. But since environmental analysis needs have remained steady since 1995, the growth in the number of analysis organizations has also slowed. At present 93 licensed environmental analysis organizations operate 103 laboratories, and at least 1,100 persons work for these organizations. The laboratories test roughly 250,000 samples each year, which accounts for roughly 85% of domestic environmental analysis needs. The total annual revenue of this industry is on the order of NT$1.1 billion. Number of Licensed Environmental Analysis Organizations Year 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 Total Organizations licensed 2 11 11 5 7 11 11 13 3 8 3 17 4 3 3 112 Lapsed or revoked licenses 0 0 0 4 1 4 0 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 0 19 Cumulative number of organizations 2 13 24 25 31 38 49 61 63 68 70 85 88 90 93 93 Since environmental analysis demand has stabilized, Director General Wang Pih stressed that future oversight work will focus on the improvement of environmental analysis quality. Apart from continuing to review relevant laws and quality control standards, the NIEA will work to ensure the quality and credibility of environmental data by strengthening blind testing and audits of sampling locations and analysis laboratories. And to maintain high standards, the institute will provide analysis seminars, training classes and guidance services to analysis industry personnel. To bring Taiwan's oversight of the environmental analysis industry up to international standards, the institute plans to promote the certification of laboratories under the International Organization for Standardization’s “Ordinary Calibration and Testing Laboratory Requirements” (ISO-10725) and will also strive to integrate with the CNLA certification system. In addition, the registered business items of analysis organizations are mostly limited to conventional analysis tasks. To meet domestic analysis needs and raise industry standards, the NIEA is currently encouraging organizations to offer more technically-challenging test items, which could enable them to expand their business scope and scale of operations. Establishment of Standard Analysis Methods The improvement of the analysis capabilities of environmental protection agencies and private analysis firms and the establishment of standard analysis methods are both of the utmost importance for strengthening the country's environmental analysis system. Since many environmental protection laws were enacted at an early date in Taiwan, the NIEA has worked steadily to formulate the standard analysis methods needed to accompany laws and regulations. Over the years, the EPA has announced environmental analysis methods in a number of categories, including 108 in the "air" category, 176 in the "water quality" category, 161 in the "waste" category, 17 in the "toxic chemical" category, 17 in the "soil" category, 37 in the "environmental agents" category and 53 in the "environmental biology" category, and 573 methods have been announced in all. With respect to the formulation of standard analysis methods, the Director General explained that because a great number of standard methods still needed to be drafted in the past, and because the EPA had yet to firmly establish a system and experience for the drafting of these standards, there were sometimes instances in which analysis methods did not coordinate with approved regulatory standards. But now that the NIEA has established a system for drafting standard analysis methods, and has accumulated considerable experience, it is now able to draft analysis methods with greater speed, and can keep pace with the enactment of environmental protection legislation. Taking the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act (土壤及地下水污染整治法) as an example, the act took effect on February 2, 2000 and standard analysis methods are now largely in place, ensuring that all soil and groundwater pollution analysis can proceed smoothly. Outline of Future Analysis Policies Discussing the endeavors of the NIEA, Director General Wang Pih emphasized that her administrative tasks are ongoing, and major work items have been added gradually to the institute's operations over the last few years. But to meet overall environmental protection needs, the institute will particularly stress the following tasks: 1. Strengthening quality control and quality assurance of EPA-contracted projects: The NIEA is qualified to assist the EPA in performing contracted project QA, QC and audit work. The institute plans to improve project data quality and provide more credible environmental information as a decision-making reference. In addition, the institute will also formulate environmental database QA criteria and deploy a data quality validation system to safeguard the quality of the data in environmental databases. 2. Strengthening the formulation of standard environmental analysis methods: The institute will accelerate the formulation of standard analysis methods to meet the needs of new environmental protection laws and regulations. Emphasis will be placed on the development of automated, high-efficiency, low-pollution, environmentally-friendly techniques. 3. Achieving more timely emergency response capabilities: In accordance with the EPA's policy, the institute will cooperate with environmental protection agencies at all levels to perform large-scale mission-oriented investigative work in event of emergencies. The institute will be prepared to provide accurate real-time analysis data for use as a decision-making reference in the aftermath of major pollution incidents. 4. Putting management of environmental analysis organizations on a sound footing: The institute will adopt active and effective management measures, and will strive to ensure high-quality, credible environmental data by emphasizing the representativeness of samples, sampling professionalism and integrity of the sample analysis chain. [CAPTION: Future environmental analysis work will emphasize the improvement of sampling quality.]
全文
After many years of implementation Taiwan’s environmental analysis system has gradually reached a state of maturity, and long-term improvements have been made in terms of manpower, equipment, systems, and experience. The number of environmental analysis organizations has risen steadily, and their combined annual revenue has surpassed NT$1.1 billion. Only sound management can ensure the correctness and reliability of environmental data, which provides the solid foundation on which environmental protection work is built. "Environmental analysis is the foundation of environmental protection work. The successful drafting and implementation of policies, laws, and regulations depends upon the availability of accurate, reliable, and credible environmental survey and testing results. That is why the government established the EPA National Institute of Environmental Analysis in 1990." The new director general of the National Institute of Environmental Analysis (NIEA), Ms Wang Pih (王碧), described the role of the NIEA in these words. Upgrading the Analysis Capabilities of Environmental Protection Agencies After the NIEA was founded, besides developing its own analysis capabilities, the institute also set aside an annual budget to help the environmental analysis agencies of city and county governments. Apart from the inspection units attached to the three divisions under the EPA Chief Inspection Team and NIEA, all county and city environmental protection bureaus have established dedicated environmental inspection units responsible for pollution sampling and testing work. The NIEA is focusing much of its effort on improving the analysis capabilities of these environmental protection agencies. As for its own analysis capabilities, the fact that the institute received Australian National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) certification in 1995 shows that it has already achieved international standards. Furthermore, since late 1999, the institute has been helping the larger analysis laboratories of city and county environmental protection bureaus to obtain Chinese National Laboratory Accreditation (CNLA). Analysis laboratories of environmental protection bureaus in Taipei City, Taipei County, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County, Taichung City, Taichung County, Changhua County, Tainan City, and Tainan County, and those of the three inspection divisions under the Chief Inspection Team have received this certification thus far. The budget of the NIEA clearly shows that Taiwan's environmental analysis system has achieved impressive momentum. Since the establishment of the institute in 1990, environmental analysis spending has gradually risen in pace with growing amounts of personnel, equipment, and services. This growth leveled off around 1994. Due to the construction of an environmental analysis building in 1996, the environmental analysis budget experienced another growth spurt. With the completion of the environmental analysis building in 1998, the institute's budget again stabilized around an annual level of approximately NT$210 million. Of the institute's annual budget of roughly NT$210 million, approximately NT$130 million goes for personnel costs, equipment and facility installation and maintenance, and other administrative expenses. Approximately NT$70 million is used for the implementation of environmental analysis. The remaining NT$10 million is used for technology R&D and related expenses. Facilitating Private Participation in the Environmental Analysis Market Although environmental authorities have aggressively developed their analysis capabilities, Director General Wang Pih noted, the government's analysis capabilities still fall short of the needs of environmental protection work. Realizing the need to mobilize private resources for the sake of environmental protection work, the EPA began the privatization of environmental analysis tasks as early as 1987. Afterwards, the enactment of the Management Regulations for Environmental Analysis and Testing Organizations (環境檢驗測定機構管理辦法) in 1990 laid the groundwork for the management of environmental analysis organizations in Taiwan. Today, after many years of promotion, environmental analysis has achieved a stable scale of operations in Taiwan, and the oversight of the environmental analysis industry has become a major task for the NIEA. The number of environmental analysis organizations has kept pace with the country's rising volume of environmental protection work in recent years. After the EPA allowed participation of private firms in analysis work, market demand spurred rapid growth in this industry, and the number of firms surged from two in 1988 to as many as 61 in 1995. But since environmental analysis needs have remained steady since 1995, the growth in the number of analysis organizations has also slowed. At present 93 licensed environmental analysis organizations operate 103 laboratories, and at least 1,100 persons work for these organizations. The laboratories test roughly 250,000 samples each year, which accounts for roughly 85% of domestic environmental analysis needs. The total annual revenue of this industry is on the order of NT$1.1 billion. Number of Licensed Environmental Analysis Organizations Year 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 Total Organizations licensed 2 11 11 5 7 11 11 13 3 8 3 17 4 3 3 112 Lapsed or revoked licenses 0 0 0 4 1 4 0 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 0 19 Cumulative number of organizations 2 13 24 25 31 38 49 61 63 68 70 85 88 90 93 93 Since environmental analysis demand has stabilized, Director General Wang Pih stressed that future oversight work will focus on the improvement of environmental analysis quality. Apart from continuing to review relevant laws and quality control standards, the NIEA will work to ensure the quality and credibility of environmental data by strengthening blind testing and audits of sampling locations and analysis laboratories. And to maintain high standards, the institute will provide analysis seminars, training classes and guidance services to analysis industry personnel. To bring Taiwan's oversight of the environmental analysis industry up to international standards, the institute plans to promote the certification of laboratories under the International Organization for Standardization’s “Ordinary Calibration and Testing Laboratory Requirements” (ISO-10725) and will also strive to integrate with the CNLA certification system. In addition, the registered business items of analysis organizations are mostly limited to conventional analysis tasks. To meet domestic analysis needs and raise industry standards, the NIEA is currently encouraging organizations to offer more technically-challenging test items, which could enable them to expand their business scope and scale of operations. Establishment of Standard Analysis Methods The improvement of the analysis capabilities of environmental protection agencies and private analysis firms and the establishment of standard analysis methods are both of the utmost importance for strengthening the country's environmental analysis system. Since many environmental protection laws were enacted at an early date in Taiwan, the NIEA has worked steadily to formulate the standard analysis methods needed to accompany laws and regulations. Over the years, the EPA has announced environmental analysis methods in a number of categories, including 108 in the "air" category, 176 in the "water quality" category, 161 in the "waste" category, 17 in the "toxic chemical" category, 17 in the "soil" category, 37 in the "environmental agents" category and 53 in the "environmental biology" category, and 573 methods have been announced in all. With respect to the formulation of standard analysis methods, the Director General explained that because a great number of standard methods still needed to be drafted in the past, and because the EPA had yet to firmly establish a system and experience for the drafting of these standards, there were sometimes instances in which analysis methods did not coordinate with approved regulatory standards. But now that the NIEA has established a system for drafting standard analysis methods, and has accumulated considerable experience, it is now able to draft analysis methods with greater speed, and can keep pace with the enactment of environmental protection legislation. Taking the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act (土壤及地下水污染整治法) as an example, the act took effect on February 2, 2000 and standard analysis methods are now largely in place, ensuring that all soil and groundwater pollution analysis can proceed smoothly. Outline of Future Analysis Policies Discussing the endeavors of the NIEA, Director General Wang Pih emphasized that her administrative tasks are ongoing, and major work items have been added gradually to the institute's operations over the last few years. But to meet overall environmental protection needs, the institute will particularly stress the following tasks: 1. Strengthening quality control and quality assurance of EPA-contracted projects: The NIEA is qualified to assist the EPA in performing contracted project QA, QC and audit work. The institute plans to improve project data quality and provide more credible environmental information as a decision-making reference. In addition, the institute will also formulate environmental database QA criteria and deploy a data quality validation system to safeguard the quality of the data in environmental databases. 2. Strengthening the formulation of standard environmental analysis methods: The institute will accelerate the formulation of standard analysis methods to meet the needs of new environmental protection laws and regulations. Emphasis will be placed on the development of automated, high-efficiency, low-pollution, environmentally-friendly techniques. 3. Achieving more timely emergency response capabilities: In accordance with the EPA's policy, the institute will cooperate with environmental protection agencies at all levels to perform large-scale mission-oriented investigative work in event of emergencies. The institute will be prepared to provide accurate real-time analysis data for use as a decision-making reference in the aftermath of major pollution incidents. 4. Putting management of environmental analysis organizations on a sound footing: The institute will adopt active and effective management measures, and will strive to ensure high-quality, credible environmental data by emphasizing the representativeness of samples, sampling professionalism and integrity of the sample analysis chain. [CAPTION: Future environmental analysis work will emphasize the improvement of sampling quality.]
年度
2002
月份
5
卷
5
期
5
順序
1
倒序
2
分類
Environmental Analysis
標題2
Environmental Analysis—Building a Foundation for Environmental Protection
檔案位置
print/V5/V5-05
「Environmental Analysis—Building a Foundation for Environmental Protection」所屬的資料集：「Environmental Policy Monthly」的其他資料
編號：
685
標題：
EPA Promotes Treatment of Sterilized Medical Waste in Municipal Incinerators
摘要：
Public protests in Taiwan have caused a bottleneck in the treatment of medical wastes. The EPA rece
全文：
Public protests in Taiwan have caused a bottleneck in the treatment of medical wastes. The EPA rece
編號：
727
標題：
Draft Groundwater Monitoring and Control Standard Released
摘要：
The Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act contains both monitoring and control mechanisms t
全文：
The Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act contains both monitoring and control mechanisms t
編號：
894
標題：
Encouraging Citizens to Keep Watch over the Aquatic Environment
摘要：
To promote “River and Waterway Pollution Cleanup Year” and encourage citizens to participate in envi
全文：
To promote “River and Waterway Pollution Cleanup Year” and encourage citizens to participate in envi
編號：
377
標題：
EIA Initial Review Guidelines Announced
摘要：
The EPA recently announced guidelines for performing the EPA’s environmental impact assessment (EIA)
全文：
The EPA recently announced guidelines for performing the EPA’s environmental impact assessment (EIA)
編號：
815
標題：
Executive Yuan Passes Draft Resource Recycling and Reuse Act
摘要：
The EPA’s draft of the Resource Recycling and Reuse Act (資源回收再利用法 see EPM Vol. IV, Issue 5) finally
全文：
The EPA’s draft of the Resource Recycling and Reuse Act (資源回收再利用法 see EPM Vol. IV, Issue 5) finally
編號：
32
標題：
EPA Subsidizes Gas Station Fume Recycling Equipment
摘要：
Air Quality As ozone pollution becomes a more serious concern the EPA has decided to subsidize the
全文：
Air Quality As ozone pollution becomes a more serious concern the EPA has decided to subsidize the
編號：
968
標題：
EPA and DOH Hold Inter-ministerial Coordination Meeting
摘要：
The EPA and Department of Health (DOH) held an inter-ministerial coordination meeting on June 7. Thi
全文：
The EPA and Department of Health (DOH) held an inter-ministerial coordination meeting on June 7. Thi
編號：
634
標題：
80 Uses for Toxic Chemical Substances Eliminated
摘要：
The EPA currently has listed 252 substances as toxic chemicals (161 categories) and promulgated rest
全文：
The EPA currently has listed 252 substances as toxic chemicals (161 categories) and promulgated rest
編號：
585
標題：
Consensus Reached on Adjustment to Computer Recycling Fee Rates
摘要：
The current recycling rate for computers is below that originally anticipated when the computer recy
全文：
The current recycling rate for computers is below that originally anticipated when the computer recy
編號：
241
標題：
Amended EIA Enforcement Rules to Be Announced
摘要：
An amendment to the Environmental Impact Assessment Act Enforcement Rules was recently approved by t
全文：
An amendment to the Environmental Impact Assessment Act Enforcement Rules was recently approved by t
編號：
646
標題：
Minimization and Recycling to be Top Priority of Future Waste Management
摘要：
The EPA expects to achieve zero growth in waste volume by 2001. While previous waste management stra
全文：
The EPA expects to achieve zero growth in waste volume by 2001. While previous waste management stra
編號：
620
標題：
Feature Article: EPA Calls for Reducing Gas Consumption by Government Vehicles
摘要：
To help reduce motor vehicle pollution the EPA recently proposed a plan to lower gasoline consumptio
全文：
To help reduce motor vehicle pollution the EPA recently proposed a plan to lower gasoline consumptio
編號：
223
標題：
BOT/BOO Incinerator Construction Plan Actively Promoted
摘要：
A plan to promote the construction of BOT/BOO incinerators calls for 15 plants to be built with a to
全文：
A plan to promote the construction of BOT/BOO incinerators calls for 15 plants to be built with a to
編號：
56
標題：
EPA to Enforce Recycling Logo Requirements
摘要：
Recycling In accordance with the “Four-in-one” recycling plan the EPA announced in June of this yea
全文：
Recycling In accordance with the “Four-in-one” recycling plan the EPA announced in June of this yea
編號：
97
標題：
EIA Required for Development of Media Park
摘要：
Environmental Impact Assessment On January 3 1998, the EPA publicly announced that a proposed Media
全文：
Environmental Impact Assessment On January 3 1998, the EPA publicly announced that a proposed Media
編號：
3716
標題：
President Announces Amended Air Pollution Control Act
摘要：
Air
President Announces Amended Air Pollution Control Act
On 25 June 2018, after three readings the
全文：
President Announces Amended Air Pollution Control Act
On 25 June 2018, after three readings the Legi
編號：
888
標題：
Hau: Restrictions on Plastic Bags and Disposable Dishes “Imperative”
摘要：
Despite previous postponements the EPA has finally set July 1st as the date for initiating the first
全文：
Despite previous postponements the EPA has finally set July 1st as the date for initiating the first
編號：
563
標題：
Recycling of Computer Printers to be Kicked off in January 2001
摘要：
Beginning January 2001 the EPA will begin enforcing the recycling of computer printers. At a recent
全文：
Beginning January 2001 the EPA will begin enforcing the recycling of computer printers. At a recent
編號：
430
標題：
Regulations for the Transboundary Shipment of Industrial Waste to be Expanded
摘要：
After examination of current regulations managing the import and export of hazardous wastes the EPA
全文：
After examination of current regulations managing the import and export of hazardous wastes the EPA
編號：
426
標題：
Lead Content for Motor Vehicle Fuels Lowered Again
摘要：
Beginning August 26 motor vehicles in all air pollution control zones are prohibited from using fuel
全文：
Beginning August 26 motor vehicles in all air pollution control zones are prohibited from using fuel
編號：
90
標題：
Small-scale Stationary Pollution Sources Made Exempt from Air Pollution Fee
摘要：
Air Quality In an amendment to the Regulations Governing the Collection of Air Pollution Control Fe
全文：
Air Quality In an amendment to the Regulations Governing the Collection of Air Pollution Control Fe
編號：
707
標題：
Simplifying Procedures for Altering EIS/EIA Reports
摘要：
Responding to the conclusions of the National Economic Development Conference the EPA has submitted
全文：
Responding to the conclusions of the National Economic Development Conference the EPA has submitted
編號：
344
標題：
NOx Emission Standards to be Significantly Tightened
摘要：
The EPA plans to tighten up the currently loose nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission standards and set limi
全文：
The EPA plans to tighten up the currently loose nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission standards and set limi
編號：
776
標題：
Strike Inspections on Unlawful Dischargers of Industrial Wastewater
摘要：
The EPA conducted a day of surprise raids on factories suspected of illegally discharging polluted w
全文：
The EPA conducted a day of surprise raids on factories suspected of illegally discharging polluted w
編號：
518
標題：
Assistance Program for Waste Clearance and Treatment Organizations Underway
摘要：
Encouraging the establishment of solid waste clearance and treatment firms has been a key administra
全文：
Encouraging the establishment of solid waste clearance and treatment firms has been a key administra
編號：
337
標題：
EPA to Strengthen Industrial Waste Management
摘要：
In response to recent incidents involving the illegal disposal of solid waste the EPA will list for
全文：
In response to recent incidents involving the illegal disposal of solid waste the EPA will list for
編號：
796
標題：
Economic Development Advisory Committee Resolutions Implemented
摘要：
When the nearly month-long Economic Development Advisory Committee Conference ended recently its fiv
全文：
When the nearly month-long Economic Development Advisory Committee Conference ended recently its fiv
編號：
659
標題：
Feature: Executive Yuan Approves Expansion of EPA Industrial Waste Control Center
摘要：
On October 21 the Executive Yuan gave it's seal of approval to the Industrial Waste Control Center.
全文：
On October 21 the Executive Yuan gave it's seal of approval to the Industrial Waste Control Center.
編號：
883
標題：
Battery Recycling Training Camp Held
摘要：
The EPA held the “Battery Recycling Commando Training Camp” on January 27th in Taipei’s Taan Forest
全文：
The EPA held the “Battery Recycling Commando Training Camp” on January 27th in Taipei’s Taan Forest
編號：
739
標題：
Scope of Vendors Required to Install Recycling Facilities Expanded
摘要：
Taiwan's Waste Disposal Act requires specified vendors to install recycling facilities within their
全文：
Taiwan's Waste Disposal Act requires specified vendors to install recycling facilities within their
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