Improved Management Creates New Image for IncineratorsOthers
「Improved Management Creates New Image for IncineratorsOthers」於資料集「MajorEnvironmentalPolicies」由單位「行政院環境保護署」的陳小姐所提供，聯繫電話是(02)23117722#2753,(02)23117722#2756，最近更新時間為：2023-07-30 01:03:45。 欄位編號的內容是1378 ， 欄位標題的內容是Improved Management Creates New Image for Incinerators ， 欄位摘要的內容是Incinerators have become the primary means of waste disposal in Taiwan as landfills take a less predominant role. Working to improve the image of incinerators the EPA has gone all out to strengthen citizen participation in supervision mechanisms and to set up facilities for sorting trash, and reusing fly ash and bottom ash. These comprehensive recycling initiatives are expected to help create a zero-waste society.
Incessant population growth and rapidly increasing economic activities have led to a daily rise in the amount of waste generated by mainstream society. With environmental consciousness on the rise, waste management has already become a focal issue of government policy. Based on waste sampling and analysis results for the Taiwan Area, over 80% of garbage generated in Taiwan is combustible and suitable for incineration.
Incineration Preferred Over Direct Landfilling
Incineration is the preferred method of waste disposal in many developed countries as it uses high temperature oxidation to transform waste into stable substances and gases. Incineration reduces materials to only one tenth of their original volume and the resulting energy and byproducts can be utilized in other applications. For this reason, modern incinerators are often referred to as waste resource recovery plants. Through a combination of citizen cooperation and the EPA’s diligent efforts to promote resource recycling, garbage volumes have decreased over the years. As of the end of December 2003, already up to 98.18% of garbage was considered appropriately managed, and 59% of the total volume of garbage generated last year was incinerated.
Looking back on Taiwan’s waste management policies, the traditional method of landfilling was predominant in the early years. The “Municipal Waste Disposal Plan” came out in 1984 at which time only 2.4% of waste was disposed of through appropriate channels. By 1991, it was decided that waste disposal plans should work toward adopting incinerators as a primary means of disposal, while landfills should only be used as an auxiliary measure. The EPA Department of Incinerator Engineering was established soon thereafter, taking on the tasks of seeing to the construction of incinerators, promoting waste incineration technology transfer and privatizing waste resource recovery plants.
In 1991, the Executive Yuan ratified the “Taiwan Area Waste Resource Recovery (Incineration) Plant Construction Plan”, which called for the establishment of 21 incineration plants. Already 18 of these plants have been built to date and the remaining three are currently under construction in Yilan, Keelung, and Tainan (Yongkang). In 1996, the Executive Yuan approved the “Plan to Encourage Public/Private Organizations to Build and Operate Waste Incinerators”. This plan initially called for building 15 more plants, raising the total number of incinerators to 36, but the Executive Yuan later reduced this by 9 plants, to a total of 6 plants in addition to the previously planned 21 plants. One of the six has already been completed and the other five are still under construction. Thus 19 plants are currently in operation.
Stronger citizen opposition in recent years, as well as the common view of incinerators as NIMBY facilities, has made it more difficult to obtain land and carry out construction. Considering a wide range of factors and responding to citizen’s wishes, the government plans to further reconsider the number of plants to be constructed. Last year the EPA was requested by the Executive Yuan through the proposed “Vision and Review of the Waste Management Plan” to reconsider plans to construct certain incinerators. The Executive Yuan informed the EPA on May 25 that plans to build incinerators in Nantou, Hualien and Penghu Counties had been suspended. Thus, out of the 36 originally planned incinerators throughout Taiwan, only 27 are still confirmed. For those counties and cities that do not have incinerators within their jurisdiction, the EPA will adopt models for complete sorting, waste reduction, and regional cooperation to resolve local waste management problems.
Incinerator Management Adopts Comprehensive Supervision and Controls
To ensure comprehensive implementation of the policy to sort all garbage and to reduce the amount of pollution from incinerators, the EPA has drawn up a set of criteria for managing waste as it enters incineration plants. These criteria demand strict source management and entry controls at the gates of incineration plants before trash is allowed to enter the plants. Further downstream, the Incinerator Audit and Evaluation Guidelines have been formulated as a basis for managing the actual incineration process. Lastly, the Criteria for Managing the Disposal of Waste Incinerator Ash has been drawn up for the final disposal of ash. The above three sets of criteria and guidelines ensure that management of both upstream and downstream incinerator operations adhere to inclusive standards. These three sets of rules will be announced and put into implementation before the end of this year (2004) and violations will be penalized according to stipulations in the Waste Disposal Act.
While supervision of operations and pollution control are of chief concern, another fundamental problem associated with incinerators is that incineration capacity may exceed actual waste volume. According to EPA statistics, if all incinerators currently under construction are completed by 2006, a total of 27 incinerators will be in operation, 21 of which are publicly owned. This would allow for the disposal of a combined total of 18,600 tonnes. Each of the remaining six privately owned incinerators have a disposal capacity of 3,000 tonnes, allowing for a combined total of 21,600 tonnes. However, the actual volume of waste requiring disposal in 2003 was only 16,880 tonnes.
From 2003, the EPA began a pilot project to let municipal waste incinerators accept combustible general industrial waste. With the gradual decrease of household generated waste and the consequent increase in waste disposal capacity at incinerators, the inclusion of general industrial waste as fuel for municipal incinerators is seen as an appropriate solution to fulfilling the capacity requirements of these large-scale incinerators.
The issue that prompts the greatest amount of concern among citizens however is dioxin control. The EPA has addressed this problem by drawing up stricter standards such as the Waste Incinerator Dioxin Control and Emission Standards. This rule requires all incinerators to undergo regular testing for dioxin in flue gas twice per year as of January 1, 2004. According to the Regulations Governing the Recycling, Clearance and Disposal of General Waste, bottom ash and treated fly ash toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test results should not exceed the Standards for Defining Hazardous Industrial Waste.
As for ash left over after incineration, the EPA has formulated the Waste Incinerator Treatment and Ash/Residue Reuse Management Implementation Plan, which adopts two guiding principles to: 1) prevent substandard waste from entering the plant, and 2) ensure appropriate treatment and promote reuse of ash/residue. The plan also implements six important strategies: 1) design and set up incineration and reuse baseline data, 2) establish incineration and reuse management information system, 3) establish entry and exit point management system for waste (ash/residue) incineration, 4) evaluate ash/residue reuse technology and plan strategies to promote and use recycled products, 5) establish incineration and reuse supervision and long-term tracking system, and 6) review and modify ash/residue testing methods and rules. These six strategies are further reinforced through twenty concrete projects, which are slated for completion in 2006.
Incinerators Show Good Performance in Yearly Audits
The EPA announced the Waste Resource Recovery (Incineration) Plant Audit and Evaluation Guidelines on April 13. The scope of audits and evaluations includes operations, maintenance and management, and covers a wide range of various indicators and scoring criteria.
The automatic scoring system for operation efficiency indicators is based on performance indicator data regularly entered in by incinerator operators. Performance indicator scores are calculated by a computer program. An audit and evaluation committee makes onsite inspections and rates performance twice per year, during the first and second halves of each year. This committee also appraises performance during onsite audit and evaluation. The work secretariat (EPA Department of Incinerator Engineering) is responsible for carefully reading related reports and charts and the status of administrative cooperation and evaluating normal performance. Finally the committee grades each incinerator in three categories and performs different calculations to determine the total score. Evaluation results are then announced based on this score.
Based on a compilation of the latest audit and evaluation results, incinerators have the following strong points:
Incinerator grounds are green and attractive, facilitating efforts to change the public’s negative impression of incinerators.
Interaction and communication with neighboring residents is good, helping to establish a new and positive image of environmental facilities.
Professionalism of staff has greatly increased and data on operations is impeccable.
There is open access to information online and citizens concerns are acted upon immediately.
Regular prevention drills have greatly decreased the number of work accidents
Technology exchange partnerships exist between companies so that friendly competition increases both parties’ performance.
Appropriate responses have been made toward past reviews and recommendations, fulfilling the objective of continual improvement.
Monthly reports are on time allowing for effective control of operation data.
Incinerators are expected to reap the following benefits in the future:
1. Put into practice incinerator maintenance management to extend the lifetime of facilities and equipment.
2. Strengthen efficiency of waste incineration and raise efficiency of energy recycling.
3. Strengthen control of secondary pollution such as dioxin and heavy metals from incineration processes; effectively reduce emissions of these toxins, safeguard public health and protect the ecology.
4. Increase transparency of incineration plant management and strengthen public participation in supervisory mechanisms; become energy and environmental education centers; establish a positive image for incinerators.
5. Cooperate with plans to promote installation of garbage sorting facilities, fly ash and bottom ash reuse facilities, thereby comprehensively and effectively recycling waste; help create a sustainable society that generates zero waste. ， 欄位全文的內容是Incinerators have become the primary means of waste disposal in Taiwan as landfills take a less predominant role. Working to improve the image of incinerators the EPA has gone all out to strengthen citizen participation in supervision mechanisms and to set up facilities for sorting trash, and reusing fly ash and bottom ash. These comprehensive recycling initiatives are expected to help create a zero-waste society.
Incessant population growth and rapidly increasing economic activities have led to a daily rise in the amount of waste generated by mainstream society. With environmental consciousness on the rise, waste management has already become a focal issue of government policy. Based on waste sampling and analysis results for the Taiwan Area, over 80% of garbage generated in Taiwan is combustible and suitable for incineration.
Incineration Preferred Over Direct Landfilling
Incineration is the preferred method of waste disposal in many developed countries as it uses high temperature oxidation to transform waste into stable substances and gases. Incineration reduces materials to only one tenth of their original volume and the resulting energy and byproducts can be utilized in other applications. For this reason, modern incinerators are often referred to as waste resource recovery plants. Through a combination of citizen cooperation and the EPA’s diligent efforts to promote resource recycling, garbage volumes have decreased over the years. As of the end of December 2003, already up to 98.18% of garbage was considered appropriately managed, and 59% of the total volume of garbage generated last year was incinerated.
Looking back on Taiwan’s waste management policies, the traditional method of landfilling was predominant in the early years. The “Municipal Waste Disposal Plan” came out in 1984 at which time only 2.4% of waste was disposed of through appropriate channels. By 1991, it was decided that waste disposal plans should work toward adopting incinerators as a primary means of disposal, while landfills should only be used as an auxiliary measure. The EPA Department of Incinerator Engineering was established soon thereafter, taking on the tasks of seeing to the construction of incinerators, promoting waste incineration technology transfer and privatizing waste resource recovery plants.
In 1991, the Executive Yuan ratified the “Taiwan Area Waste Resource Recovery (Incineration) Plant Construction Plan”, which called for the establishment of 21 incineration plants. Already 18 of these plants have been built to date and the remaining three are currently under construction in Yilan, Keelung, and Tainan (Yongkang). In 1996, the Executive Yuan approved the “Plan to Encourage Public/Private Organizations to Build and Operate Waste Incinerators”. This plan initially called for building 15 more plants, raising the total number of incinerators to 36, but the Executive Yuan later reduced this by 9 plants, to a total of 6 plants in addition to the previously planned 21 plants. One of the six has already been completed and the other five are still under construction. Thus 19 plants are currently in operation.
Stronger citizen opposition in recent years, as well as the common view of incinerators as NIMBY facilities, has made it more difficult to obtain land and carry out construction. Considering a wide range of factors and responding to citizen’s wishes, the government plans to further reconsider the number of plants to be constructed. Last year the EPA was requested by the Executive Yuan through the proposed “Vision and Review of the Waste Management Plan” to reconsider plans to construct certain incinerators. The Executive Yuan informed the EPA on May 25 that plans to build incinerators in Nantou, Hualien and Penghu Counties had been suspended. Thus, out of the 36 originally planned incinerators throughout Taiwan, only 27 are still confirmed. For those counties and cities that do not have incinerators within their jurisdiction, the EPA will adopt models for complete sorting, waste reduction, and regional cooperation to resolve local waste management problems.
Incinerator Management Adopts Comprehensive Supervision and Controls
To ensure comprehensive implementation of the policy to sort all garbage and to reduce the amount of pollution from incinerators, the EPA has drawn up a set of criteria for managing waste as it enters incineration plants. These criteria demand strict source management and entry controls at the gates of incineration plants before trash is allowed to enter the plants. Further downstream, the Incinerator Audit and Evaluation Guidelines have been formulated as a basis for managing the actual incineration process. Lastly, the Criteria for Managing the Disposal of Waste Incinerator Ash has been drawn up for the final disposal of ash. The above three sets of criteria and guidelines ensure that management of both upstream and downstream incinerator operations adhere to inclusive standards. These three sets of rules will be announced and put into implementation before the end of this year (2004) and violations will be penalized according to stipulations in the Waste Disposal Act.
While supervision of operations and pollution control are of chief concern, another fundamental problem associated with incinerators is that incineration capacity may exceed actual waste volume. According to EPA statistics, if all incinerators currently under construction are completed by 2006, a total of 27 incinerators will be in operation, 21 of which are publicly owned. This would allow for the disposal of a combined total of 18,600 tonnes. Each of the remaining six privately owned incinerators have a disposal capacity of 3,000 tonnes, allowing for a combined total of 21,600 tonnes. However, the actual volume of waste requiring disposal in 2003 was only 16,880 tonnes.
From 2003, the EPA began a pilot project to let municipal waste incinerators accept combustible general industrial waste. With the gradual decrease of household generated waste and the consequent increase in waste disposal capacity at incinerators, the inclusion of general industrial waste as fuel for municipal incinerators is seen as an appropriate solution to fulfilling the capacity requirements of these large-scale incinerators.
The issue that prompts the greatest amount of concern among citizens however is dioxin control. The EPA has addressed this problem by drawing up stricter standards such as the Waste Incinerator Dioxin Control and Emission Standards. This rule requires all incinerators to undergo regular testing for dioxin in flue gas twice per year as of January 1, 2004. According to the Regulations Governing the Recycling, Clearance and Disposal of General Waste, bottom ash and treated fly ash toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test results should not exceed the Standards for Defining Hazardous Industrial Waste.
As for ash left over after incineration, the EPA has formulated the Waste Incinerator Treatment and Ash/Residue Reuse Management Implementation Plan, which adopts two guiding principles to: 1) prevent substandard waste from entering the plant, and 2) ensure appropriate treatment and promote reuse of ash/residue. The plan also implements six important strategies: 1) design and set up incineration and reuse baseline data, 2) establish incineration and reuse management information system, 3) establish entry and exit point management system for waste (ash/residue) incineration, 4) evaluate ash/residue reuse technology and plan strategies to promote and use recycled products, 5) establish incineration and reuse supervision and long-term tracking system, and 6) review and modify ash/residue testing methods and rules. These six strategies are further reinforced through twenty concrete projects, which are slated for completion in 2006.
Incinerators Show Good Performance in Yearly Audits
The EPA announced the Waste Resource Recovery (Incineration) Plant Audit and Evaluation Guidelines on April 13. The scope of audits and evaluations includes operations, maintenance and management, and covers a wide range of various indicators and scoring criteria.
The automatic scoring system for operation efficiency indicators is based on performance indicator data regularly entered in by incinerator operators. Performance indicator scores are calculated by a computer program. An audit and evaluation committee makes onsite inspections and rates performance twice per year, during the first and second halves of each year. This committee also appraises performance during onsite audit and evaluation. The work secretariat (EPA Department of Incinerator Engineering) is responsible for carefully reading related reports and charts and the status of administrative cooperation and evaluating normal performance. Finally the committee grades each incinerator in three categories and performs different calculations to determine the total score. Evaluation results are then announced based on this score.
Based on a compilation of the latest audit and evaluation results, incinerators have the following strong points:
Incinerator grounds are green and attractive, facilitating efforts to change the public’s negative impression of incinerators.
Interaction and communication with neighboring residents is good, helping to establish a new and positive image of environmental facilities.
Professionalism of staff has greatly increased and data on operations is impeccable.
There is open access to information online and citizens concerns are acted upon immediately.
Regular prevention drills have greatly decreased the number of work accidents
Technology exchange partnerships exist between companies so that friendly competition increases both parties’ performance.
Appropriate responses have been made toward past reviews and recommendations, fulfilling the objective of continual improvement.
Monthly reports are on time allowing for effective control of operation data.
Incinerators are expected to reap the following benefits in the future:
1. Put into practice incinerator maintenance management to extend the lifetime of facilities and equipment.
2. Strengthen efficiency of waste incineration and raise efficiency of energy recycling.
3. Strengthen control of secondary pollution such as dioxin and heavy metals from incineration processes; effectively reduce emissions of these toxins, safeguard public health and protect the ecology.
4. Increase transparency of incineration plant management and strengthen public participation in supervisory mechanisms; become energy and environmental education centers; establish a positive image for incinerators.
5. Cooperate with plans to promote installation of garbage sorting facilities, fly ash and bottom ash reuse facilities, thereby comprehensively and effectively recycling waste; help create a sustainable society that generates zero waste. ， 欄位年度的內容是2004 ， 欄位月份的內容是7 ， 欄位卷的內容是7 ， 欄位期的內容是8 ， 欄位順序的內容是1 ， 欄位倒序的內容是2 ， 欄位分類的內容是Others ， 欄位標題2的內容是Improved Management Creates New Image for Incinerators ， 欄位檔案位置的內容是V7/V7-08 。
編號
1378
標題
Improved Management Creates New Image for Incinerators
摘要
Incinerators have become the primary means of waste disposal in Taiwan as landfills take a less predominant role. Working to improve the image of incinerators the EPA has gone all out to strengthen citizen participation in supervision mechanisms and to set up facilities for sorting trash, and reusing fly ash and bottom ash. These comprehensive recycling initiatives are expected to help create a zero-waste society. Incessant population growth and rapidly increasing economic activities have led to a daily rise in the amount of waste generated by mainstream society. With environmental consciousness on the rise, waste management has already become a focal issue of government policy. Based on waste sampling and analysis results for the Taiwan Area, over 80% of garbage generated in Taiwan is combustible and suitable for incineration. Incineration Preferred Over Direct Landfilling Incineration is the preferred method of waste disposal in many developed countries as it uses high temperature oxidation to transform waste into stable substances and gases. Incineration reduces materials to only one tenth of their original volume and the resulting energy and byproducts can be utilized in other applications. For this reason, modern incinerators are often referred to as waste resource recovery plants. Through a combination of citizen cooperation and the EPA’s diligent efforts to promote resource recycling, garbage volumes have decreased over the years. As of the end of December 2003, already up to 98.18% of garbage was considered appropriately managed, and 59% of the total volume of garbage generated last year was incinerated. Looking back on Taiwan’s waste management policies, the traditional method of landfilling was predominant in the early years. The “Municipal Waste Disposal Plan” came out in 1984 at which time only 2.4% of waste was disposed of through appropriate channels. By 1991, it was decided that waste disposal plans should work toward adopting incinerators as a primary means of disposal, while landfills should only be used as an auxiliary measure. The EPA Department of Incinerator Engineering was established soon thereafter, taking on the tasks of seeing to the construction of incinerators, promoting waste incineration technology transfer and privatizing waste resource recovery plants. In 1991, the Executive Yuan ratified the “Taiwan Area Waste Resource Recovery (Incineration) Plant Construction Plan”, which called for the establishment of 21 incineration plants. Already 18 of these plants have been built to date and the remaining three are currently under construction in Yilan, Keelung, and Tainan (Yongkang). In 1996, the Executive Yuan approved the “Plan to Encourage Public/Private Organizations to Build and Operate Waste Incinerators”. This plan initially called for building 15 more plants, raising the total number of incinerators to 36, but the Executive Yuan later reduced this by 9 plants, to a total of 6 plants in addition to the previously planned 21 plants. One of the six has already been completed and the other five are still under construction. Thus 19 plants are currently in operation. Stronger citizen opposition in recent years, as well as the common view of incinerators as NIMBY facilities, has made it more difficult to obtain land and carry out construction. Considering a wide range of factors and responding to citizen’s wishes, the government plans to further reconsider the number of plants to be constructed. Last year the EPA was requested by the Executive Yuan through the proposed “Vision and Review of the Waste Management Plan” to reconsider plans to construct certain incinerators. The Executive Yuan informed the EPA on May 25 that plans to build incinerators in Nantou, Hualien and Penghu Counties had been suspended. Thus, out of the 36 originally planned incinerators throughout Taiwan, only 27 are still confirmed. For those counties and cities that do not have incinerators within their jurisdiction, the EPA will adopt models for complete sorting, waste reduction, and regional cooperation to resolve local waste management problems. Incinerator Management Adopts Comprehensive Supervision and Controls To ensure comprehensive implementation of the policy to sort all garbage and to reduce the amount of pollution from incinerators, the EPA has drawn up a set of criteria for managing waste as it enters incineration plants. These criteria demand strict source management and entry controls at the gates of incineration plants before trash is allowed to enter the plants. Further downstream, the Incinerator Audit and Evaluation Guidelines have been formulated as a basis for managing the actual incineration process. Lastly, the Criteria for Managing the Disposal of Waste Incinerator Ash has been drawn up for the final disposal of ash. The above three sets of criteria and guidelines ensure that management of both upstream and downstream incinerator operations adhere to inclusive standards. These three sets of rules will be announced and put into implementation before the end of this year (2004) and violations will be penalized according to stipulations in the Waste Disposal Act. While supervision of operations and pollution control are of chief concern, another fundamental problem associated with incinerators is that incineration capacity may exceed actual waste volume. According to EPA statistics, if all incinerators currently under construction are completed by 2006, a total of 27 incinerators will be in operation, 21 of which are publicly owned. This would allow for the disposal of a combined total of 18,600 tonnes. Each of the remaining six privately owned incinerators have a disposal capacity of 3,000 tonnes, allowing for a combined total of 21,600 tonnes. However, the actual volume of waste requiring disposal in 2003 was only 16,880 tonnes. From 2003, the EPA began a pilot project to let municipal waste incinerators accept combustible general industrial waste. With the gradual decrease of household generated waste and the consequent increase in waste disposal capacity at incinerators, the inclusion of general industrial waste as fuel for municipal incinerators is seen as an appropriate solution to fulfilling the capacity requirements of these large-scale incinerators. The issue that prompts the greatest amount of concern among citizens however is dioxin control. The EPA has addressed this problem by drawing up stricter standards such as the Waste Incinerator Dioxin Control and Emission Standards. This rule requires all incinerators to undergo regular testing for dioxin in flue gas twice per year as of January 1, 2004. According to the Regulations Governing the Recycling, Clearance and Disposal of General Waste, bottom ash and treated fly ash toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test results should not exceed the Standards for Defining Hazardous Industrial Waste. As for ash left over after incineration, the EPA has formulated the Waste Incinerator Treatment and Ash/Residue Reuse Management Implementation Plan, which adopts two guiding principles to: 1) prevent substandard waste from entering the plant, and 2) ensure appropriate treatment and promote reuse of ash/residue. The plan also implements six important strategies: 1) design and set up incineration and reuse baseline data, 2) establish incineration and reuse management information system, 3) establish entry and exit point management system for waste (ash/residue) incineration, 4) evaluate ash/residue reuse technology and plan strategies to promote and use recycled products, 5) establish incineration and reuse supervision and long-term tracking system, and 6) review and modify ash/residue testing methods and rules. These six strategies are further reinforced through twenty concrete projects, which are slated for completion in 2006. Incinerators Show Good Performance in Yearly Audits The EPA announced the Waste Resource Recovery (Incineration) Plant Audit and Evaluation Guidelines on April 13. The scope of audits and evaluations includes operations, maintenance and management, and covers a wide range of various indicators and scoring criteria. The automatic scoring system for operation efficiency indicators is based on performance indicator data regularly entered in by incinerator operators. Performance indicator scores are calculated by a computer program. An audit and evaluation committee makes onsite inspections and rates performance twice per year, during the first and second halves of each year. This committee also appraises performance during onsite audit and evaluation. The work secretariat (EPA Department of Incinerator Engineering) is responsible for carefully reading related reports and charts and the status of administrative cooperation and evaluating normal performance. Finally the committee grades each incinerator in three categories and performs different calculations to determine the total score. Evaluation results are then announced based on this score. Based on a compilation of the latest audit and evaluation results, incinerators have the following strong points: Incinerator grounds are green and attractive, facilitating efforts to change the public’s negative impression of incinerators. Interaction and communication with neighboring residents is good, helping to establish a new and positive image of environmental facilities. Professionalism of staff has greatly increased and data on operations is impeccable. There is open access to information online and citizens concerns are acted upon immediately. Regular prevention drills have greatly decreased the number of work accidents Technology exchange partnerships exist between companies so that friendly competition increases both parties’ performance. Appropriate responses have been made toward past reviews and recommendations, fulfilling the objective of continual improvement. Monthly reports are on time allowing for effective control of operation data. Incinerators are expected to reap the following benefits in the future: 1. Put into practice incinerator maintenance management to extend the lifetime of facilities and equipment. 2. Strengthen efficiency of waste incineration and raise efficiency of energy recycling. 3. Strengthen control of secondary pollution such as dioxin and heavy metals from incineration processes; effectively reduce emissions of these toxins, safeguard public health and protect the ecology. 4. Increase transparency of incineration plant management and strengthen public participation in supervisory mechanisms; become energy and environmental education centers; establish a positive image for incinerators. 5. Cooperate with plans to promote installation of garbage sorting facilities, fly ash and bottom ash reuse facilities, thereby comprehensively and effectively recycling waste; help create a sustainable society that generates zero waste.
全文
Incinerators have become the primary means of waste disposal in Taiwan as landfills take a less predominant role. Working to improve the image of incinerators the EPA has gone all out to strengthen citizen participation in supervision mechanisms and to set up facilities for sorting trash, and reusing fly ash and bottom ash. These comprehensive recycling initiatives are expected to help create a zero-waste society. Incessant population growth and rapidly increasing economic activities have led to a daily rise in the amount of waste generated by mainstream society. With environmental consciousness on the rise, waste management has already become a focal issue of government policy. Based on waste sampling and analysis results for the Taiwan Area, over 80% of garbage generated in Taiwan is combustible and suitable for incineration. Incineration Preferred Over Direct Landfilling Incineration is the preferred method of waste disposal in many developed countries as it uses high temperature oxidation to transform waste into stable substances and gases. Incineration reduces materials to only one tenth of their original volume and the resulting energy and byproducts can be utilized in other applications. For this reason, modern incinerators are often referred to as waste resource recovery plants. Through a combination of citizen cooperation and the EPA’s diligent efforts to promote resource recycling, garbage volumes have decreased over the years. As of the end of December 2003, already up to 98.18% of garbage was considered appropriately managed, and 59% of the total volume of garbage generated last year was incinerated. Looking back on Taiwan’s waste management policies, the traditional method of landfilling was predominant in the early years. The “Municipal Waste Disposal Plan” came out in 1984 at which time only 2.4% of waste was disposed of through appropriate channels. By 1991, it was decided that waste disposal plans should work toward adopting incinerators as a primary means of disposal, while landfills should only be used as an auxiliary measure. The EPA Department of Incinerator Engineering was established soon thereafter, taking on the tasks of seeing to the construction of incinerators, promoting waste incineration technology transfer and privatizing waste resource recovery plants. In 1991, the Executive Yuan ratified the “Taiwan Area Waste Resource Recovery (Incineration) Plant Construction Plan”, which called for the establishment of 21 incineration plants. Already 18 of these plants have been built to date and the remaining three are currently under construction in Yilan, Keelung, and Tainan (Yongkang). In 1996, the Executive Yuan approved the “Plan to Encourage Public/Private Organizations to Build and Operate Waste Incinerators”. This plan initially called for building 15 more plants, raising the total number of incinerators to 36, but the Executive Yuan later reduced this by 9 plants, to a total of 6 plants in addition to the previously planned 21 plants. One of the six has already been completed and the other five are still under construction. Thus 19 plants are currently in operation. Stronger citizen opposition in recent years, as well as the common view of incinerators as NIMBY facilities, has made it more difficult to obtain land and carry out construction. Considering a wide range of factors and responding to citizen’s wishes, the government plans to further reconsider the number of plants to be constructed. Last year the EPA was requested by the Executive Yuan through the proposed “Vision and Review of the Waste Management Plan” to reconsider plans to construct certain incinerators. The Executive Yuan informed the EPA on May 25 that plans to build incinerators in Nantou, Hualien and Penghu Counties had been suspended. Thus, out of the 36 originally planned incinerators throughout Taiwan, only 27 are still confirmed. For those counties and cities that do not have incinerators within their jurisdiction, the EPA will adopt models for complete sorting, waste reduction, and regional cooperation to resolve local waste management problems. Incinerator Management Adopts Comprehensive Supervision and Controls To ensure comprehensive implementation of the policy to sort all garbage and to reduce the amount of pollution from incinerators, the EPA has drawn up a set of criteria for managing waste as it enters incineration plants. These criteria demand strict source management and entry controls at the gates of incineration plants before trash is allowed to enter the plants. Further downstream, the Incinerator Audit and Evaluation Guidelines have been formulated as a basis for managing the actual incineration process. Lastly, the Criteria for Managing the Disposal of Waste Incinerator Ash has been drawn up for the final disposal of ash. The above three sets of criteria and guidelines ensure that management of both upstream and downstream incinerator operations adhere to inclusive standards. These three sets of rules will be announced and put into implementation before the end of this year (2004) and violations will be penalized according to stipulations in the Waste Disposal Act. While supervision of operations and pollution control are of chief concern, another fundamental problem associated with incinerators is that incineration capacity may exceed actual waste volume. According to EPA statistics, if all incinerators currently under construction are completed by 2006, a total of 27 incinerators will be in operation, 21 of which are publicly owned. This would allow for the disposal of a combined total of 18,600 tonnes. Each of the remaining six privately owned incinerators have a disposal capacity of 3,000 tonnes, allowing for a combined total of 21,600 tonnes. However, the actual volume of waste requiring disposal in 2003 was only 16,880 tonnes. From 2003, the EPA began a pilot project to let municipal waste incinerators accept combustible general industrial waste. With the gradual decrease of household generated waste and the consequent increase in waste disposal capacity at incinerators, the inclusion of general industrial waste as fuel for municipal incinerators is seen as an appropriate solution to fulfilling the capacity requirements of these large-scale incinerators. The issue that prompts the greatest amount of concern among citizens however is dioxin control. The EPA has addressed this problem by drawing up stricter standards such as the Waste Incinerator Dioxin Control and Emission Standards. This rule requires all incinerators to undergo regular testing for dioxin in flue gas twice per year as of January 1, 2004. According to the Regulations Governing the Recycling, Clearance and Disposal of General Waste, bottom ash and treated fly ash toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test results should not exceed the Standards for Defining Hazardous Industrial Waste. As for ash left over after incineration, the EPA has formulated the Waste Incinerator Treatment and Ash/Residue Reuse Management Implementation Plan, which adopts two guiding principles to: 1) prevent substandard waste from entering the plant, and 2) ensure appropriate treatment and promote reuse of ash/residue. The plan also implements six important strategies: 1) design and set up incineration and reuse baseline data, 2) establish incineration and reuse management information system, 3) establish entry and exit point management system for waste (ash/residue) incineration, 4) evaluate ash/residue reuse technology and plan strategies to promote and use recycled products, 5) establish incineration and reuse supervision and long-term tracking system, and 6) review and modify ash/residue testing methods and rules. These six strategies are further reinforced through twenty concrete projects, which are slated for completion in 2006. Incinerators Show Good Performance in Yearly Audits The EPA announced the Waste Resource Recovery (Incineration) Plant Audit and Evaluation Guidelines on April 13. The scope of audits and evaluations includes operations, maintenance and management, and covers a wide range of various indicators and scoring criteria. The automatic scoring system for operation efficiency indicators is based on performance indicator data regularly entered in by incinerator operators. Performance indicator scores are calculated by a computer program. An audit and evaluation committee makes onsite inspections and rates performance twice per year, during the first and second halves of each year. This committee also appraises performance during onsite audit and evaluation. The work secretariat (EPA Department of Incinerator Engineering) is responsible for carefully reading related reports and charts and the status of administrative cooperation and evaluating normal performance. Finally the committee grades each incinerator in three categories and performs different calculations to determine the total score. Evaluation results are then announced based on this score. Based on a compilation of the latest audit and evaluation results, incinerators have the following strong points: Incinerator grounds are green and attractive, facilitating efforts to change the public’s negative impression of incinerators. Interaction and communication with neighboring residents is good, helping to establish a new and positive image of environmental facilities. Professionalism of staff has greatly increased and data on operations is impeccable. There is open access to information online and citizens concerns are acted upon immediately. Regular prevention drills have greatly decreased the number of work accidents Technology exchange partnerships exist between companies so that friendly competition increases both parties’ performance. Appropriate responses have been made toward past reviews and recommendations, fulfilling the objective of continual improvement. Monthly reports are on time allowing for effective control of operation data. Incinerators are expected to reap the following benefits in the future: 1. Put into practice incinerator maintenance management to extend the lifetime of facilities and equipment. 2. Strengthen efficiency of waste incineration and raise efficiency of energy recycling. 3. Strengthen control of secondary pollution such as dioxin and heavy metals from incineration processes; effectively reduce emissions of these toxins, safeguard public health and protect the ecology. 4. Increase transparency of incineration plant management and strengthen public participation in supervisory mechanisms; become energy and environmental education centers; establish a positive image for incinerators. 5. Cooperate with plans to promote installation of garbage sorting facilities, fly ash and bottom ash reuse facilities, thereby comprehensively and effectively recycling waste; help create a sustainable society that generates zero waste.
年度
2004
月份
7
卷
7
期
8
順序
1
倒序
2
分類
Others
標題2
Improved Management Creates New Image for Incinerators
檔案位置
V7/V7-08
「Improved Management Creates New Image for IncineratorsOthers」所屬的資料集：「MajorEnvironmentalPolicies」的其他資料
編號：
115
標題：
EPA Announces Guidelines for Regularly Inspecting Stationary Pollution Sources
摘要：
Air Quality On January 23 1998, the EPA announced the targets for the first round of regular inspec
全文：
Air Quality On January 23 1998, the EPA announced the targets for the first round of regular inspec
編號：
3916
標題：
Management Regulations Announced for the Reuse of Incinerator Bottom Ash
摘要：
Waste
3. Management Regulations Announced for the Reuse of Incinerator Bottom Ash
On 18 May 2020, th
全文：
The main points of this announcement are as follows:
(1) New uses of aggregate are added, including
編號：
521
標題：
EPA Lists 53 New Toxic Chemical Substances
摘要：
The EPA has listed an additional 53 types of toxic chemical substances bringing the number of listed
全文：
The EPA has listed an additional 53 types of toxic chemical substances bringing the number of listed
編號：
615
標題：
Administrator Speaks Out on Waste and Water Policy
摘要：
At a recent seminar EPA Administrator Edgar Lin pointed out that according to the Waste Disposal Act
全文：
At a recent seminar EPA Administrator Edgar Lin pointed out that according to the Waste Disposal Act
編號：
3850
標題：
Supplemental Air Pollution Restrictions During Specified
Deteriorated Air Quality Advisory Period An
摘要：
Air
Supplemental Air Pollution Restrictions During Specified
Deteriorated Air Quality Advisory Perio
全文：
The EPA pointed out that air quality monitoring data
over the years shows PM2.5 as one of the major
編號：
3692
標題：
Phasing out Old Vehicles with Subsidies and Tighter Controls
摘要：
Air Quality
Phasing out Old Vehicles with Subsidies and Tighter Controls
The draft of the amendments
全文：
Phasing out Old Vehicles with Subsidies and Tighter Controls
The draft of the amendments to the Air
編號：
3967
標題：
EPA Launches New Environmental Options on Food Delivery App
摘要：
For the first time, the EPA is collaborating with the food delivery service Foodpanda, the Environme
全文：
Food delivery services have become very popular lately. According to the statistics provided by the
編號：
3880
標題：
Regulations for Handlers of Certain Toxic Chemical
Substances to Install Detection and Alerting Equi
摘要：
Chemicals
Regulations for Handlers of Certain Toxic Chemical
Substances to Install Detection and Ale
全文：
Phosgene and hydrogen cyanide are highly toxic
gases with low IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life
an
編號：
4278
標題：
Preparatory Office of Climate Change Administration Established on Earth Day
摘要：
The unveiling ceremony for the Preparatory Office of Climate Change Administration (POCCA) was held
全文：
The EPA Minister Chang Tzi-Chin stated that due to the rapid growth of tasks following the promulgat
編號：
523
標題：
EPA to Continue Assistance to Vehicle Dismantling Industry
摘要：
To raise the operating quality of the vehicle dismantling industry and to reduce pollution caused by
全文：
To raise the operating quality of the vehicle dismantling industry and to reduce pollution caused by
編號：
604
標題：
EPA Takes Emergency Measures to Resolve Medical Waste Problems
摘要：
With the recent ordered work stoppages of local medical waste treatment facilities Taiwan faces a se
全文：
With the recent ordered work stoppages of local medical waste treatment facilities Taiwan faces a se
編號：
4243
標題：
Marine Air Quality Monitoring Cooperation between EPA and OAC
摘要：
In 2022, the EPA cooperated with the Ocean Affairs Council to monitor the air quality over the ocean
全文：
Currently, standard air quality monitoring equipment has been installed on Coast Guard ships station
編號：
316
標題：
EPA Promotes Training of International Negotiators
摘要：
To address increasingly complex international environmental protection issues the EPA plans to enhan
全文：
To address increasingly complex international environmental protection issues the EPA plans to enhan
編號：
3532
標題：
Waste Flow Report to Be Extended to Supermarkets and Megamarkets
摘要：
Waste
Waste Flow Report to Be Extended to Supermarkets and Megamarkets
全文：
Waste Flow Report to Be Extended to Supermarkets and Megamarkets
編號：
3513
標題：
Malaysian Officials Visit Taiwan to Gain E-waste Recycling Experience
摘要：
Waste
Malaysian Officials Visit Taiwan to Gain E-waste Recycling Experience
全文：
Malaysian Officials Visit Taiwan to Gain E-waste Recycling Experience
Ms. Datin Hanili Ghazali, Dire
編號：
259
標題：
EPA Promotes Establishment of Cleaner Production Indicators
摘要：
The EPA plans to establish Cleaner Production indicators and research the scope of production proces
全文：
The EPA plans to establish Cleaner Production indicators and research the scope of production proces
編號：
612
標題：
River Inspections to be Strengthened Through Aerial Surveillance
摘要：
In order to overcome current limitations on inspecting river pollution the EPA will cooperate with t
全文：
In order to overcome current limitations on inspecting river pollution the EPA will cooperate with t
編號：
3420
標題：
Amendments to Dioxin Emission Standards from Stationary Sources Preannounced
摘要：
Toxic substance
Amendments to Dioxin Emission Standards from Stationary Sources Preannounced
全文：
Amendments to Dioxin Emission Standards from Stationary Sources Preannounced
On 11 March 2016, the E
編號：
3540
標題：
Environmental Protection Units Mobilized to Patrol Areas Affected by Bird Flu
摘要：
Environmental Inspection
Environmental Protection Units Mobilized to Patrol Areas Affected by Bird F
全文：
Environmental Protection Units Mobilized to Patrol Areas Affected by Bird Flu
In response to the rec
編號：
4040
標題：
Label Certifying Products Using Recycled Marine Debris Officially Launched
摘要：
With marine waste intensifying as a global issue in recent years, the EPA implemented the 2020 Demon
全文：
In response to international concerns about marine waste issues, the EPA promotes a Recycled Marine
編號：
3506
標題：
Government Agencies Join Forces to Promote Circular Economy for Livestock Industry
摘要：
Water
Government Agencies Join Forces to Promote Circular Economy for Livestock Industry
For almost
全文：
Government Agencies Join Forces to Promote Circular Economy for Livestock Industry
For almost one y
編號：
141
標題：
Environmental Protection Market Enjoys Steady Growth
摘要：
Others To better understand the changes taking place among environmental protection related busines
全文：
Others To better understand the changes taking place among environmental protection related busines
編號：
305
標題：
Enhancing the Performance of Taiwan's EP Personnel Training
摘要：
Through the implementation of general professional and professional licensing training programs the
全文：
Through the implementation of general professional and professional licensing training programs the
編號：
3408
標題：
Regulations for Wastewater Treatment Units and Personnel Preannounced
摘要：
Water
Regulations for Wastewater Treatment Units and Personnel Preannounced
全文：
Regulations for Wastewater Treatment Units and Personnel Preannounced
On 22 February 2016, the EPA p
編號：
390
標題：
New Subsidies for Landfill Methane Used to Generate Electricity
摘要：
To respond to global climate change and improve air quality the EPA recently announced the Guideline
全文：
To respond to global climate change and improve air quality the EPA recently announced the Guideline
編號：
3346
標題：
Draft Amendments to Water Pollution Control Act Enforcement Rules Preannounced
摘要：
Water Draft Amendments to Water Pollution Control Act Enforcement Rules Preannounced
全文：
Draft Amendments to Water Pollution Control Act Enforcement Rules Preannounced
Due to the amendment
編號：
2001
標題：
Taiwan's Air Quality Monitoring Steps onto the International Stage
摘要：
Air Quality
Taiwan's Air Qualit
全文：
Air Quality
Taiwan's Air Qualit
編號：
21
標題：
Taiwan to Hold Meeting on APEC Marine Modeling Process
摘要：
Others The APEC Committee on Marine Modeling Processes convened its first meeting in Taipei on Augu
全文：
Others The APEC Committee on Marine Modeling Processes convened its first meeting in Taipei on Augu
編號：
3693
標題：
Subsidies for Phasing Out Two-Stroke Motorcycles and Purchasing New Electric Bicycles Revised
摘要：
Air Quality
Subsidies for Phasing Out Two-Stroke Motorcycles and Purchasing New Electric Bicycles Re
全文：
Subsidies for Phasing Out Two-Stroke Motorcycles and Purchasing New Electric Bicycles Revised
The EP
編號：
454
標題：
EPA Appeals to Vehicle Owners to Voluntarily Participate in Exhaust Testing
摘要：
If due to design or manufacturing flaws, vehicles do not comply with air emissions standards, manufa
全文：
If due to design or manufacturing flaws, vehicles do not comply with air emissions standards, manufa
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