Marine Pollution Control in TaiwanWater2016
「Marine Pollution Control in TaiwanWater2016」於資料集「MajorEnvironmentalPolicies」由單位「行政院環境保護署」的陳小姐所提供，聯繫電話是(02)23117722#2753,(02)23117722#2756，最近更新時間為：2023-07-30 01:03:45。 欄位編號的內容是3412 ， 欄位標題的內容是Marine Pollution Control in Taiwan ， 欄位摘要的內容是Water Marine Pollution Control in Taiwan ， 欄位全文的內容是Marine Pollution Control in Taiwan
With regard to marine pollution control, Taiwan is limited both in emergency response manpower and resources. To enhance capacities in this area, the EPA has been effectively employing high-tech tools such as computer simulation models and remote monitoring that can quickly provide a more accurate picture of the scope and movement of oil spills. The EPA is also working diligently on improving emergency response strategies, employing advanced technology and equipment, following relevant international regulations, and building greater international cooperation, including the sharing of experiences on pollution removal.
Taiwan is surrounded by seas rich in marine resources and biodiversity. However, Taiwan also sits amid important Asia-Pacific shipping lanes used by many large vessels. Every day approximately 200 ships enter or leave Taiwan’s international ports and around 2,500 ships of all types travel close to Taiwan. During the typhoon season or when the seasonal northeast winds are blowing strongly, it is not uncommon for ships to hit coral reefs, get grounded on shoals, or even spill pollutants into the sea. Such incidents are a major threat to Taiwan’s marine ecosystems and resources.
Legal Basis for Marine Pollution Control
According to International Maritime Organization (IMO) analysis, about 44% of marine pollution originates on land, 33% originates as atmospheric pollution, 12% come from ships, 10% from ocean dumping, and 1% from marine construction projects. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) outlines the international obligations of signatory nations and their responsibilities to cooperate at regional and global levels to protect the marine environment.
As the body responsible for formulating, guiding, supervising and conducting marine pollution control strategies as necessary, the EPA referred to the UNCLOS and formulated a draft of the Marine Pollution Control Act, which was then passed by the Legislative Yuan and promulgated on 1 November 2000. This was a monumental step in Taiwan’s efforts to prevent marine pollution, protect the marine environment and use marine resources in a sustainable manner.
Marine Pollution Control Measures
The EPA began training personnel in marine pollution emergency response after the Plan was approved. Through experience exchanges with marine pollution emergency response organizations and experts from developed nations, the EPA has improved the management and decision-making capabilities of government personnel at all levels. Every year the EPA holds training sessions for marine pollution emergency response personnel, including courses accredited by the IMO on responding to spills of oil and other hazardous or noxious substances.
Taiwan’s Marine Pollution Control Act covers both pollution control and pollution management, including marine pollution prevention management and emergency response. The Act includes measures to prevent pollution incidents from transport of oil, marine construction projects, and land-based sources. To these ends, the EPA has adopted a number of advanced tools to strengthen cooperation between public and private sector entities that conduct aerial and marine patrols. Other technologies employed include the use of satellite remote sensing and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to facilitate inspections of pollution sources suspected of illegal discharges.
Using Simulation Software and Remote Sensing for Marine Pollution Control
Conditions in the marine environment can change very quickly. A successful cleanup operation depends upon the capability of response personnel to rapidly decide on optimal response measures after determining, in the immediate hours and days after an incident, the likely scope and dispersal patterns of an oil slick.
The EPA relies on OILMAP simulation software to predict oil slick dispersal patterns as quickly as possible. Data for a spill, such as type of oil, volume, and so on, is entered along with background environmental data such as the location of the spill, wind factors, direction and strength of ocean currents, and so on. The software can simulate changes in dispersal at different times of day to better predict the movement of a slick. It also helps with predicting the impact of a spill, including: areas likely to be affected and probable volumes of oil; amounts of oil that could spread along shores and into waterbodies; and impacts on the air of a given area.
OILMAP simulation software has been used to assist with the responses to all recent major marine pollution incidents near Taiwan, including: an oil spill from the Tzini, that ran aground near Yilan in 2006; an oil spill from the Jui Hsing, near Keelung in 2011; an oil spill from the Oberon, that ran aground near Penghu in 2012; the sinking of the research vessel RV OR5, near Penghu in 2014; and, the running aground of two container ships this year, the Yun Hai and the TS Taipei. Knowledge of likely pollutant dispersal patterns allowed emergency response personnel to rapidly execute measures appropriate to the locations and conditions of the incidents, thus better protecting the marine environment.
Satellite remote sensing has also become more frequently employed for many types of environmental monitoring in recent years. To enhance marine pollution monitoring and emergency response capability, the EPA now employs satellite monitoring and unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) to evaluate and approve marine pollution prevention measures, monitor illegal discharges, and provide emergency response assistance. Conventional surface inspections of marine pollution incidents are invariably limited spatially and thus cannot give a full picture of the pollution. Remote monitoring from above allows for a clear view of the scale of the pollution, facilitating a shorter response time. The three types of remote monitoring technology currently employed in Taiwan are satellite imagery, UAS, and aerial photography.
Sharing Knowledge and Experience through International Exchanges
Every year Taiwan holds the International Symposium on Marine Pollution Response, convening experts from around the world. The EPA also sends staff overseas every year for training courses on marine pollution emergency response. The training also helps trainees to establish connections with people who are also in charge of marine pollution control work in other ministries in order to improve interministerial communication. The EPA also maintains regular exchanges and seeks new contacts with related international organizations to build international partnerships, keep abreast of the latest developments in marine pollution control, and be able to call up help and material support, if necessary, in dealing with future pollution incidents.
In 2014, for example, EPA personnel went to France to take part in a marine oil and chemical spill response personnel training course held at the Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution (Cedre), an IMO-accredited training organization. Cedre is one of the few centers in the world that offers specialized training facilities and equipment training to give trainees the hands-on experience necessary for developing the skills to respond to real-life emergencies.
Recent Achievements in Marine Pollution Control
The EPA has been helping port management agencies to strengthen their oily water management, wastewater treatment and environmental monitoring capabilities in port areas. The EPA is also supervising the work of local environmental protection bureaus in improving pollution sources upstream of port areas. In 2015, the EPA completed 4,409 inspections of ship-based or port-based pollution sources, of which 39 were reported for causing marine oil pollution. In 2015, the EPA held five emergency response training courses to train personnel how to deal with spills of oil or chemicals at sea. The 174 trainees came from the Coast Guard Administration of the Ministry of the Interior (MOI), the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC), the MOTC’s Maritime and Port Bureau, the Fisheries Agency of the Council of Agriculture, and local environmental protection bureaus. On 27 October 2015, the EPA held the 2015 Marine Pollution Response and Practices International Workshop that was attended by 120 delegates, including experts from Taiwan, the EU, France, the US, and Australia, to share their knowledge and experience in marine pollution response.
In addition to oil and chemical spills, there is also the problem of alien species carried in the ballast water and sediment brought in by ships. Alien species may impact local marine and harbor ecosystems, and may also bring in pathogenic microorganisms. To address these concerns the EPA has been working with the MOTC to implement ballast water management. On 26 January 2016, the EPA announced the Regulations Governing Dischargeable Substances and their Management According to Article 3 Paragraph 6 of the Marine Pollution Control Act, and the Taiwan Territorial Waters as Maritime Control Zones in which Changing Ballast Water is Forbidden and Its Pollution Control Measures.
Future Task: Capacity Enhancement with Limited Manpower
In light of the limited manpower and resources available to deal with marine pollution incidents, how to effectively apply high-tech approaches to enhance overall marine pollution response capability is a problem that is taxing government agencies worldwide. Fortunately, technologies have developed rapidly – especially computer technology. Numerical simulation models drastically reduce the time needed to predict how oil spills or other pollutants will disperse on the ocean’s surface and allow decision makers to respond more effectively.
In addition, optical imaging and radar satellite remote sensing is now being used to provide highly accurate data for modeling analysis. Capable of monitoring large areas over long periods of time, these are now the best tools available for tracking illegal activities at sea that cause marine pollution. A major issue facing the government is how to prevent, eliminate, or reduce the impact that major marine pollution incidents can pose on human health, marine ecosystems, and physical assets. Choosing appropriate response strategies, techniques, and cleanup equipment, as well as closely following the development trends of international marine regulations and agreements, are particularly important and will be the focal points for Taiwan’s future marine pollution control capacity building. ， 欄位年度的內容是2016 ， 欄位月份的內容是4 ， 欄位卷的內容是19 ， 欄位期的內容是4 ， 欄位順序的內容是1 ， 欄位倒序的內容是2 ， 欄位分類的內容是Water ， 欄位標題2的內容是Marine Pollution Control in Taiwan ， 欄位檔案位置的內容是V19/V19-04 。
編號
3412
標題
Marine Pollution Control in Taiwan
摘要
Water Marine Pollution Control in Taiwan
全文
Marine Pollution Control in Taiwan With regard to marine pollution control, Taiwan is limited both in emergency response manpower and resources. To enhance capacities in this area, the EPA has been effectively employing high-tech tools such as computer simulation models and remote monitoring that can quickly provide a more accurate picture of the scope and movement of oil spills. The EPA is also working diligently on improving emergency response strategies, employing advanced technology and equipment, following relevant international regulations, and building greater international cooperation, including the sharing of experiences on pollution removal. Taiwan is surrounded by seas rich in marine resources and biodiversity. However, Taiwan also sits amid important Asia-Pacific shipping lanes used by many large vessels. Every day approximately 200 ships enter or leave Taiwan’s international ports and around 2,500 ships of all types travel close to Taiwan. During the typhoon season or when the seasonal northeast winds are blowing strongly, it is not uncommon for ships to hit coral reefs, get grounded on shoals, or even spill pollutants into the sea. Such incidents are a major threat to Taiwan’s marine ecosystems and resources. Legal Basis for Marine Pollution Control According to International Maritime Organization (IMO) analysis, about 44% of marine pollution originates on land, 33% originates as atmospheric pollution, 12% come from ships, 10% from ocean dumping, and 1% from marine construction projects. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) outlines the international obligations of signatory nations and their responsibilities to cooperate at regional and global levels to protect the marine environment. As the body responsible for formulating, guiding, supervising and conducting marine pollution control strategies as necessary, the EPA referred to the UNCLOS and formulated a draft of the Marine Pollution Control Act, which was then passed by the Legislative Yuan and promulgated on 1 November 2000. This was a monumental step in Taiwan’s efforts to prevent marine pollution, protect the marine environment and use marine resources in a sustainable manner. Marine Pollution Control Measures The EPA began training personnel in marine pollution emergency response after the Plan was approved. Through experience exchanges with marine pollution emergency response organizations and experts from developed nations, the EPA has improved the management and decision-making capabilities of government personnel at all levels. Every year the EPA holds training sessions for marine pollution emergency response personnel, including courses accredited by the IMO on responding to spills of oil and other hazardous or noxious substances. Taiwan’s Marine Pollution Control Act covers both pollution control and pollution management, including marine pollution prevention management and emergency response. The Act includes measures to prevent pollution incidents from transport of oil, marine construction projects, and land-based sources. To these ends, the EPA has adopted a number of advanced tools to strengthen cooperation between public and private sector entities that conduct aerial and marine patrols. Other technologies employed include the use of satellite remote sensing and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to facilitate inspections of pollution sources suspected of illegal discharges. Using Simulation Software and Remote Sensing for Marine Pollution Control Conditions in the marine environment can change very quickly. A successful cleanup operation depends upon the capability of response personnel to rapidly decide on optimal response measures after determining, in the immediate hours and days after an incident, the likely scope and dispersal patterns of an oil slick. The EPA relies on OILMAP simulation software to predict oil slick dispersal patterns as quickly as possible. Data for a spill, such as type of oil, volume, and so on, is entered along with background environmental data such as the location of the spill, wind factors, direction and strength of ocean currents, and so on. The software can simulate changes in dispersal at different times of day to better predict the movement of a slick. It also helps with predicting the impact of a spill, including: areas likely to be affected and probable volumes of oil; amounts of oil that could spread along shores and into waterbodies; and impacts on the air of a given area. OILMAP simulation software has been used to assist with the responses to all recent major marine pollution incidents near Taiwan, including: an oil spill from the Tzini, that ran aground near Yilan in 2006; an oil spill from the Jui Hsing, near Keelung in 2011; an oil spill from the Oberon, that ran aground near Penghu in 2012; the sinking of the research vessel RV OR5, near Penghu in 2014; and, the running aground of two container ships this year, the Yun Hai and the TS Taipei. Knowledge of likely pollutant dispersal patterns allowed emergency response personnel to rapidly execute measures appropriate to the locations and conditions of the incidents, thus better protecting the marine environment. Satellite remote sensing has also become more frequently employed for many types of environmental monitoring in recent years. To enhance marine pollution monitoring and emergency response capability, the EPA now employs satellite monitoring and unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) to evaluate and approve marine pollution prevention measures, monitor illegal discharges, and provide emergency response assistance. Conventional surface inspections of marine pollution incidents are invariably limited spatially and thus cannot give a full picture of the pollution. Remote monitoring from above allows for a clear view of the scale of the pollution, facilitating a shorter response time. The three types of remote monitoring technology currently employed in Taiwan are satellite imagery, UAS, and aerial photography. Sharing Knowledge and Experience through International Exchanges Every year Taiwan holds the International Symposium on Marine Pollution Response, convening experts from around the world. The EPA also sends staff overseas every year for training courses on marine pollution emergency response. The training also helps trainees to establish connections with people who are also in charge of marine pollution control work in other ministries in order to improve interministerial communication. The EPA also maintains regular exchanges and seeks new contacts with related international organizations to build international partnerships, keep abreast of the latest developments in marine pollution control, and be able to call up help and material support, if necessary, in dealing with future pollution incidents. In 2014, for example, EPA personnel went to France to take part in a marine oil and chemical spill response personnel training course held at the Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution (Cedre), an IMO-accredited training organization. Cedre is one of the few centers in the world that offers specialized training facilities and equipment training to give trainees the hands-on experience necessary for developing the skills to respond to real-life emergencies. Recent Achievements in Marine Pollution Control The EPA has been helping port management agencies to strengthen their oily water management, wastewater treatment and environmental monitoring capabilities in port areas. The EPA is also supervising the work of local environmental protection bureaus in improving pollution sources upstream of port areas. In 2015, the EPA completed 4,409 inspections of ship-based or port-based pollution sources, of which 39 were reported for causing marine oil pollution. In 2015, the EPA held five emergency response training courses to train personnel how to deal with spills of oil or chemicals at sea. The 174 trainees came from the Coast Guard Administration of the Ministry of the Interior (MOI), the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC), the MOTC’s Maritime and Port Bureau, the Fisheries Agency of the Council of Agriculture, and local environmental protection bureaus. On 27 October 2015, the EPA held the 2015 Marine Pollution Response and Practices International Workshop that was attended by 120 delegates, including experts from Taiwan, the EU, France, the US, and Australia, to share their knowledge and experience in marine pollution response. In addition to oil and chemical spills, there is also the problem of alien species carried in the ballast water and sediment brought in by ships. Alien species may impact local marine and harbor ecosystems, and may also bring in pathogenic microorganisms. To address these concerns the EPA has been working with the MOTC to implement ballast water management. On 26 January 2016, the EPA announced the Regulations Governing Dischargeable Substances and their Management According to Article 3 Paragraph 6 of the Marine Pollution Control Act, and the Taiwan Territorial Waters as Maritime Control Zones in which Changing Ballast Water is Forbidden and Its Pollution Control Measures. Future Task: Capacity Enhancement with Limited Manpower In light of the limited manpower and resources available to deal with marine pollution incidents, how to effectively apply high-tech approaches to enhance overall marine pollution response capability is a problem that is taxing government agencies worldwide. Fortunately, technologies have developed rapidly – especially computer technology. Numerical simulation models drastically reduce the time needed to predict how oil spills or other pollutants will disperse on the ocean’s surface and allow decision makers to respond more effectively. In addition, optical imaging and radar satellite remote sensing is now being used to provide highly accurate data for modeling analysis. Capable of monitoring large areas over long periods of time, these are now the best tools available for tracking illegal activities at sea that cause marine pollution. A major issue facing the government is how to prevent, eliminate, or reduce the impact that major marine pollution incidents can pose on human health, marine ecosystems, and physical assets. Choosing appropriate response strategies, techniques, and cleanup equipment, as well as closely following the development trends of international marine regulations and agreements, are particularly important and will be the focal points for Taiwan’s future marine pollution control capacity building.
年度
2016
月份
4
卷
19
期
4
順序
1
倒序
2
分類
Water
標題2
Marine Pollution Control in Taiwan
檔案位置
V19/V19-04
「Marine Pollution Control in TaiwanWater2016」所屬的資料集：「MajorEnvironmentalPolicies」的其他資料
編號：
541
標題：
Environmental Protection Police Force Legally Institutionalized
摘要：
On April 18th the Legislative Yuan (LY) finished its final reading of amendments to Article 17-1 of
全文：
On April 18th the Legislative Yuan (LY) finished its final reading of amendments to Article 17-1 of
編號：
3582
標題：
High Tech Adopted to Track and Control Fine Particulate Matters
摘要：
Environmental Monitoring
全文：
High Tech Adopted to Track and Control Fine Particulate Matters
編號：
798
標題：
EPA Developing Funding Sources for Water Pollution Control
摘要：
Current local government budgeting practices often leave little funding for water pollution control
全文：
Current local government budgeting practices often leave little funding for water pollution control
編號：
1142
標題：
Government Agencies Reach 2002 Green Procurement Target
摘要：
Taiwan is the first country in the world to implement a green procurement law. Following the lead of
全文：
Taiwan is the first country in the world to implement a green procurement law. Following the lead of
編號：
88
標題：
Regulations Regarding Drinking Water Treatment Additives Announced
摘要：
Water Quality On November 24 1997, the EPA announced that tap water companies, small-scale tap wate
全文：
Water Quality On November 24 1997, the EPA announced that tap water companies, small-scale tap wate
編號：
3882
標題：
Responsible Enterprise Regulated Recyclable Waste
Management Regulations Amended
摘要：
Waste
Responsible Enterprise Regulated Recyclable Waste
Management Regulations Amended
The Responsib
全文：
The EPA points out that there are currently more
than 36,000 registered responsible enterprises,
amo
編號：
1993
標題：
New Maps Let You "See the Noise"
摘要：
Noise Control
New Maps Let Yo
全文：
Noise Control
New Maps Let Yo
編號：
3807
標題：
EPA Celebrates its Thirty-second Anniversary with Former Ministers
摘要：
On 22 August 2019, the EPA marked the 32nd anniversary of its founding. To celebrate its birthday, t
全文：
With the joint efforts of 16 former ministers and the entire EPA staff, environmental protection spr
編號：
4148
標題：
Creating the Best Public Restroom Experience
摘要：
Environmental inspection
Creating the Best Public Restroom Experience
Statistics show that up till
全文：
To enhance the living and environmental quality for all, the EPA has been endeavoring to maintain a
編號：
882
標題：
EPA-MOEA Meeting Achieves Consensus
摘要：
The EPA and MOEA conducted their second inter-ministerial policy coordination meeting on January 28t
全文：
The EPA and MOEA conducted their second inter-ministerial policy coordination meeting on January 28t
編號：
3809
標題：
Discharge Reduction Promoted for Point-Source Pollution in Reservoir Watersheds
摘要：
Besides regularly monitoring reservoir water quality, the EPA has been working to reduce discharges
全文：
To effectively ascertain changes in domestic reservoir water quality in Taiwan, the EPA has since 20
編號：
3943
標題：
First Livestock Farm in the Country to Complete Carbon Offset Program Registration
摘要：
climate change First Livestock Farm in the Country to Complete Carbon Offset Program Registration
全文：
In addition to be made into fertilizers, pig excrement can be used to generate power that can be exc
編號：
3630
標題：
Vice President Chen Gives Keynote Speech at Asia-Pacific Children’s Health Symposium
摘要：
General Policy
全文：
Vice President Chen Gives Keynote Speech at Asia-Pacific Children’s Health Symposium
On 8 November 2
編號：
387
標題：
Air Pollution Fees to be Used for Street Cleaning
摘要：
Dust particles raised from city streets known as fugitive dust, is a serious problem. To improve cit
全文：
Dust particles raised from city streets known as fugitive dust, is a serious problem. To improve cit
編號：
3343
標題：
World-renowned Climate Scientist Praises Taiwan’s Carbon Reduction Achievements
摘要：
Climate Change World-renowned Climate Scientist Praises Taiwan’s Carbon Reduction Achievements
全文：
World-renowned Climate Scientist Praises Taiwan’s Carbon Reduction Achievements
Climate scientist P
編號：
3633
標題：
EPA Holds 2017 International Chemical Management Conference
摘要：
Chemicals
全文：
EPA Holds 2017 International Chemical Management Conference
The two-day International Chemical M
編號：
3820
標題：
Promotion and Enhancement of the Environmental Impact Assessment System
摘要：
EIA Promotion and Enhancement of the Environmental Impact Assessment System
全文：
According to reports by Japan’s Ministry of the Environment, rare metals worth NT$80,000 can be extr
編號：
3747
標題：
Containment of African Swine Fever Takes No Holiday – Pig Farm Inspections During Lunar New Year
摘要：
Water
Containment of African Swine Fever Takes No Holiday – Pig Farm Inspections During Lunar New Ye
全文：
Containment of African Swine Fever Takes No Holiday – Pig Farm Inspections During Lunar New Year
Af
編號：
189
標題：
The National Energy Conference Reaches Conclusions on Greenhouse Gas Reduction
摘要：
The National Energy Conference reached conclusions on greenhouse gas reduction targets and how to ac
全文：
The National Energy Conference reached conclusions on greenhouse gas reduction targets and how to ac
編號：
3717
標題：
Taiwan and U.S. Work Hand in Hand to Promote Environmental Education
摘要：
Environmental Education
8. Taiwan and U.S. Work Hand in Hand to Promote Environmental Education
A
全文：
Taiwan and U.S. Work Hand in Hand to Promote Environmental Education
A member of the EPAs Department
編號：
531
標題：
Taipei City to Implement Per-Bag Trash Collection Fee Beginning in July
摘要：
Director of Taipei City's Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Dr. Stephen Shen, announced o
全文：
Director of Taipei City's Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Dr. Stephen Shen, announced o
編號：
1575
標題：
Penalties Tightened for Air Pollution from Construction Sites
摘要：
Results of the EPA's recent inspection of construction sites show signs of serious air pollution ind
全文：
Results of the EPA's recent inspection of construction sites show signs of serious air pollution ind
編號：
3544
標題：
Waste Flow Report to Be Extended to Supermarkets and Megamarkets
摘要：
Waste
Waste Flow Report to Be Extended to Supermarkets and Megamarkets
全文：
Waste Flow Report to Be Extended to Supermarkets and Megamarkets
On 16 February 2017 the EPA preanno
編號：
2802
標題：
Energy Efficient Low-Carbon Garbage Trucks Mark New Era in Refuse Disposal
摘要：
Waste Management
Energy Efficient Low-Carbon Garbage Trucks Mark New Era in Refuse Disposal
The
全文：
Waste Management
Energy Efficient Low-Carbon Garbage Trucks Mark New Era in Refuse Disposal
The
編號：
3073
標題：
Environmental Training Expanded to Include Environmental Education Personnel
摘要：
Environmental Training
Feature Article
Environmental Training Expanded to Include Environmental Ed
全文：
Environmental Training
Feature Article
Environmental Training Expanded to Include Environmental Ed
編號：
2937
標題：
APEC Roundtable on Marine Resource Conservation Held in Taipei
摘要：
International Cooperation
APEC Roundtable on Marine Resource Conservation Held in Taipei
The 13th
全文：
International Cooperation
APEC Roundtable on Marine Resource Conservation Held in Taipei
The 13th
編號：
3564
標題：
EPA Provides Mercury Monitoring Instruments to Vietnam and Philippines
摘要：
Environmental Monitoring
EPA Provides Mercury Monitoring Instruments to Vietnam and Philippines
In
全文：
EPA Provides Mercury Monitoring Instruments to Vietnam and Philippines
In an attempt to deepen regi
編號：
119
標題：
Resource Recycling and Reuse Act Draft Completed
摘要：
Recycling The EPA has once again modified a draft of the Resource Recycling and Reuse Act and will
全文：
Recycling The EPA has once again modified a draft of the Resource Recycling and Reuse Act and will
編號：
3713
標題：
Subsidies for Replacing Phase One and Two Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles
摘要：
Air
Subsidies for Replacing Phase One and Two Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles
To lighten the burden of r
全文：
Subsidies for Replacing Phase One and Two Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles
To lighten the burden of replac
編號：
1378
標題：
Improved Management Creates New Image for Incinerators
摘要：
Incinerators have become the primary means of waste disposal in Taiwan as landfills take a less pred
全文：
Incinerators have become the primary means of waste disposal in Taiwan as landfills take a less pred
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