Soil and Groundwater Pollution Emergency ResponseFeature Article
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Soil and Groundwater Pollution Emergency Response
The Taiwan government has established principles and methods for handling all types of accidents to ensure implementation of emergency response measures and to prevent the worsening of soil and groundwater pollution. Building on past experience with different aspects of emergency response procedures and technologies the goal of emergency response is to appropriately protect victims and prevent pollution from spreading at the onset of an accident.
In any operation involving the handling of petroleum products or other chemical accidents, unforeseeable events such as human error, natural disasters or other external factors could result in contamination of soil and groundwater. In past accidents, soil and groundwater contamination was commonly neglected after wrapping up onsite emergency response work. In recent years the legislation of the 'Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act' and the incidents of high-profile pollution have highlighted soil and groundwater pollution as the focus of environmental protection efforts. This helps create a more complete picture that takes into consideration all the implications of pollution events, thus providing a better understanding of effective and swift methods that can prevent the spread of pollution and protect those in danger – two foremost tasks during an emergency pollution event.
Establishing a Support Team to Carry Out Emergency Response Measures
Some of the more common causes of pollution accidents include wastewater discharge, dumping of waste, tanker accidents, storage tank leaks, and breakage of oil pipelines. There is a vast difference in the pollution characteristics of each of these types of accidents. Even accidents of a similar nature can vary widely depending on the amount of pollutants released, geographical and geological factors, as well as daily habits of affected residents. These variables lead to differences in degree of contamination, degree of urgency and the types of emergency response measures required for each accident.
For example, in 1996 and 1998 there were accidents along the provincial roadway near Houlong River Bridge and at the 322.5 K mark of the national highway. Both accidents involved leaks in a long-distance oil pipeline. In one of the accidents, the leaked substance spread after contaminating surface water and had an immediate impact on the local fisheries in the watershed. In the other accident, the pollution spread through groundwater and through air spaces in the soil, affecting nearby residents many days after the leak occurred. As can be expected, there were major differences in the substance and costs of follow-up remediation work in each of these two cases.
As mentioned above, there are wide variations between different soil and groundwater pollution accidents, making it difficult to apply a one-fits-all set of emergency response procedures or mechanisms. Nonetheless, any response to an emergency pollution event should be able to immediately implement relevant emergency response measures to control the spread of pollution. The initial response is critical in that it works to protect people, decrease the area of contamination and reduce follow-up remediation costs.
Some of the indispensible elements for achieving this goal are a fast and proficient emergency response team, experience of personnel, technology, and the creation of an operations manual. Thus in recent years the EPA has actively launched initiatives regarding the handling of emergency pollution events, including the establishment of professional emergency response support teams. These teams conduct pollution inspections and verification work at the outset of soil and groundwater pollution events to ensure a full understanding of the status of the pollution. The EPA has also published the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Event Emergency Response and Handling Reference Manual, which sets handling principles and methods for each kind of case. The manual draws on accumulated experience in emergency response procedures and techniques gained during actual implementation. It is hoped that in the handling of future pollution events, response organization can be more complete, response actions can be more rapid, and related response measures can be more appropriate so as to attain the goal of protecting people and preventing the spread of pollution.
Central and Local Cooperation to Maintain Command over Pollution Situations and to Provide Immediate Response
In February 2000, the 'Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act' provided the legal basis for implementing related work. In the face of increasing numbers and complexity of investigations into soil and groundwater pollution, assessments of improvement work, and emergency response work, county governments are being hindered by budget restrictions and administrative procedures. This makes it impossible to immediately attend to the response needs of pollution events and also makes it difficult to gain command over the actual status of pollution events. Thus there is still a need for the EPA to provide assistance during complex events, or when otherwise necessary.
From 2001, the EPA began to commission professional organizations in special projects to provide emergency response and technical support for soil and groundwater pollution events. By the end of 2011, this mechanism saw to the implementation of nine special plans in which emergency response and technical support was provided at 140 sites. The general objectives of emergency response and verification are to verify pollution and improvement efforts, and investigate the causes and sources of pollution. Between 2001 and 2004, most pollution emergency response work was in the area of pollution verification. Work began to diversify from 2005 to 2011, which in addition to pollution verification, saw an increase in pollution source tracking, as well as investigation of pollution sources and environmental media.
Thirty Percent of Pollution Sites Due to Factory Pollution
Most pollution sites are factories, illegal dumping sites, and farmland. The most frequent soil pollutants are total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), benzene, nickel, chromium, copper and zinc, while the most common groundwater pollutants are benzene, toluene and vinyl chloride. Factories are the most common type of pollution site, comprising 29% of all cases, attesting to factory pollution as the main source of soil and groundwater pollution. The next most common type of pollution sites are illegal dumping sites, which account for 24% of all cases, showing that illegal disposal of waste is still a problem. The third most common type of pollution sites are farmland and other cases including oil pipeline leaks, accidents and pollution with unclear sources. Contaminated petrol station sites are relatively fewer in number, mainly due to the EPA’s implementation of widespread inspections at petrol stations in recent years.
Based on investigation results, pollutant concentrations in soil and groundwater exceed control standards at nearly half of all pollution sites. Among the sites that have already completed emergency response work, over 20 sites have been announced as control sites in the following jurisdictions: Taichung City, Taoyuan County, Changhua County, Kaohsiung City, Taipei City, New Taipei City, Chiayi County, Tainan City, Hualien County, Hsinchu County, Pingtung County and Penghu County. Another six sites have been announced as remediation sites: Tainan Rende Jiaren Petrol Station Oil Pollution Incident Site, Tainan City China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Anshun Site, Kaohsiung City CPC Kaohsiung Refinery P37 Tanker Area, Miaoli County Vinyl Chloride Pollution Site, Pingtung County Sinyuan Township Sinyang Section 432-6 Land Verification and Inspection, and the Kaohsiung Formosa Plastics Corporation Renwu Plant. As the pollution source was not clear in the Miaoli Toufen Zhunan Area Groundwater Pollution Investigation, groundwater use restriction zones were delineated and other restrictions were announced.
Recognizing the importance of emergency response to soil and groundwater pollution incidents, the government has established management principles and methods for various types of accidents, drawing on years of experience in all aspects of emergency response procedures and technology. Measures taken at the outset of a pollution accident can ensure appropriate protection of people and prevent pollution from spreading. The EPA has already established emergency support teams to assist in handling emergency pollution incidents and ensure speedy command over site pollution conditions. It will help ensure that necessary and effective emergency responses can be adopted with the required measures to prevent pollution from spreading or damaging human health and environmental quality. Once pollution has been confirmed, regulatory procedures are followed according to the law to ensure that polluters receive due punishment. ， 欄位全文的內容是Feature Article
Soil and Groundwater Pollution Emergency Response
The Taiwan government has established principles and methods for handling all types of accidents to ensure implementation of emergency response measures and to prevent the worsening of soil and groundwater pollution. Building on past experience with different aspects of emergency response procedures and technologies the goal of emergency response is to appropriately protect victims and prevent pollution from spreading at the onset of an accident.
In any operation involving the handling of petroleum products or other chemical accidents, unforeseeable events such as human error, natural disasters or other external factors could result in contamination of soil and groundwater. In past accidents, soil and groundwater contamination was commonly neglected after wrapping up onsite emergency response work. In recent years the legislation of the 'Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act' and the incidents of high-profile pollution have highlighted soil and groundwater pollution as the focus of environmental protection efforts. This helps create a more complete picture that takes into consideration all the implications of pollution events, thus providing a better understanding of effective and swift methods that can prevent the spread of pollution and protect those in danger – two foremost tasks during an emergency pollution event.
Establishing a Support Team to Carry Out Emergency Response Measures
Some of the more common causes of pollution accidents include wastewater discharge, dumping of waste, tanker accidents, storage tank leaks, and breakage of oil pipelines. There is a vast difference in the pollution characteristics of each of these types of accidents. Even accidents of a similar nature can vary widely depending on the amount of pollutants released, geographical and geological factors, as well as daily habits of affected residents. These variables lead to differences in degree of contamination, degree of urgency and the types of emergency response measures required for each accident.
For example, in 1996 and 1998 there were accidents along the provincial roadway near Houlong River Bridge and at the 322.5 K mark of the national highway. Both accidents involved leaks in a long-distance oil pipeline. In one of the accidents, the leaked substance spread after contaminating surface water and had an immediate impact on the local fisheries in the watershed. In the other accident, the pollution spread through groundwater and through air spaces in the soil, affecting nearby residents many days after the leak occurred. As can be expected, there were major differences in the substance and costs of follow-up remediation work in each of these two cases.
As mentioned above, there are wide variations between different soil and groundwater pollution accidents, making it difficult to apply a one-fits-all set of emergency response procedures or mechanisms. Nonetheless, any response to an emergency pollution event should be able to immediately implement relevant emergency response measures to control the spread of pollution. The initial response is critical in that it works to protect people, decrease the area of contamination and reduce follow-up remediation costs.
Some of the indispensible elements for achieving this goal are a fast and proficient emergency response team, experience of personnel, technology, and the creation of an operations manual. Thus in recent years the EPA has actively launched initiatives regarding the handling of emergency pollution events, including the establishment of professional emergency response support teams. These teams conduct pollution inspections and verification work at the outset of soil and groundwater pollution events to ensure a full understanding of the status of the pollution. The EPA has also published the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Event Emergency Response and Handling Reference Manual, which sets handling principles and methods for each kind of case. The manual draws on accumulated experience in emergency response procedures and techniques gained during actual implementation. It is hoped that in the handling of future pollution events, response organization can be more complete, response actions can be more rapid, and related response measures can be more appropriate so as to attain the goal of protecting people and preventing the spread of pollution.
Central and Local Cooperation to Maintain Command over Pollution Situations and to Provide Immediate Response
In February 2000, the 'Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act' provided the legal basis for implementing related work. In the face of increasing numbers and complexity of investigations into soil and groundwater pollution, assessments of improvement work, and emergency response work, county governments are being hindered by budget restrictions and administrative procedures. This makes it impossible to immediately attend to the response needs of pollution events and also makes it difficult to gain command over the actual status of pollution events. Thus there is still a need for the EPA to provide assistance during complex events, or when otherwise necessary.
From 2001, the EPA began to commission professional organizations in special projects to provide emergency response and technical support for soil and groundwater pollution events. By the end of 2011, this mechanism saw to the implementation of nine special plans in which emergency response and technical support was provided at 140 sites. The general objectives of emergency response and verification are to verify pollution and improvement efforts, and investigate the causes and sources of pollution. Between 2001 and 2004, most pollution emergency response work was in the area of pollution verification. Work began to diversify from 2005 to 2011, which in addition to pollution verification, saw an increase in pollution source tracking, as well as investigation of pollution sources and environmental media.
Thirty Percent of Pollution Sites Due to Factory Pollution
Most pollution sites are factories, illegal dumping sites, and farmland. The most frequent soil pollutants are total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), benzene, nickel, chromium, copper and zinc, while the most common groundwater pollutants are benzene, toluene and vinyl chloride. Factories are the most common type of pollution site, comprising 29% of all cases, attesting to factory pollution as the main source of soil and groundwater pollution. The next most common type of pollution sites are illegal dumping sites, which account for 24% of all cases, showing that illegal disposal of waste is still a problem. The third most common type of pollution sites are farmland and other cases including oil pipeline leaks, accidents and pollution with unclear sources. Contaminated petrol station sites are relatively fewer in number, mainly due to the EPA’s implementation of widespread inspections at petrol stations in recent years.
Based on investigation results, pollutant concentrations in soil and groundwater exceed control standards at nearly half of all pollution sites. Among the sites that have already completed emergency response work, over 20 sites have been announced as control sites in the following jurisdictions: Taichung City, Taoyuan County, Changhua County, Kaohsiung City, Taipei City, New Taipei City, Chiayi County, Tainan City, Hualien County, Hsinchu County, Pingtung County and Penghu County. Another six sites have been announced as remediation sites: Tainan Rende Jiaren Petrol Station Oil Pollution Incident Site, Tainan City China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Anshun Site, Kaohsiung City CPC Kaohsiung Refinery P37 Tanker Area, Miaoli County Vinyl Chloride Pollution Site, Pingtung County Sinyuan Township Sinyang Section 432-6 Land Verification and Inspection, and the Kaohsiung Formosa Plastics Corporation Renwu Plant. As the pollution source was not clear in the Miaoli Toufen Zhunan Area Groundwater Pollution Investigation, groundwater use restriction zones were delineated and other restrictions were announced.
Recognizing the importance of emergency response to soil and groundwater pollution incidents, the government has established management principles and methods for various types of accidents, drawing on years of experience in all aspects of emergency response procedures and technology. Measures taken at the outset of a pollution accident can ensure appropriate protection of people and prevent pollution from spreading. The EPA has already established emergency support teams to assist in handling emergency pollution incidents and ensure speedy command over site pollution conditions. It will help ensure that necessary and effective emergency responses can be adopted with the required measures to prevent pollution from spreading or damaging human health and environmental quality. Once pollution has been confirmed, regulatory procedures are followed according to the law to ensure that polluters receive due punishment. ， 欄位年度的內容是2012 ， 欄位月份的內容是7 ， 欄位卷的內容是15 ， 欄位期的內容是7 ， 欄位順序的內容是1 ， 欄位倒序的內容是2 ， 欄位分類的內容是Feature Article ， 欄位標題2的內容是Soil and Groundwater Pollution Emergency Response ， 欄位檔案位置的內容是V15/V15-07 。
編號
2822
標題
Soil and Groundwater Pollution Emergency Response
摘要
Feature Article Soil and Groundwater Pollution Emergency Response The Taiwan government has established principles and methods for handling all types of accidents to ensure implementation of emergency response measures and to prevent the worsening of soil and groundwater pollution. Building on past experience with different aspects of emergency response procedures and technologies the goal of emergency response is to appropriately protect victims and prevent pollution from spreading at the onset of an accident. In any operation involving the handling of petroleum products or other chemical accidents, unforeseeable events such as human error, natural disasters or other external factors could result in contamination of soil and groundwater. In past accidents, soil and groundwater contamination was commonly neglected after wrapping up onsite emergency response work. In recent years the legislation of the 'Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act' and the incidents of high-profile pollution have highlighted soil and groundwater pollution as the focus of environmental protection efforts. This helps create a more complete picture that takes into consideration all the implications of pollution events, thus providing a better understanding of effective and swift methods that can prevent the spread of pollution and protect those in danger – two foremost tasks during an emergency pollution event. Establishing a Support Team to Carry Out Emergency Response Measures Some of the more common causes of pollution accidents include wastewater discharge, dumping of waste, tanker accidents, storage tank leaks, and breakage of oil pipelines. There is a vast difference in the pollution characteristics of each of these types of accidents. Even accidents of a similar nature can vary widely depending on the amount of pollutants released, geographical and geological factors, as well as daily habits of affected residents. These variables lead to differences in degree of contamination, degree of urgency and the types of emergency response measures required for each accident. For example, in 1996 and 1998 there were accidents along the provincial roadway near Houlong River Bridge and at the 322.5 K mark of the national highway. Both accidents involved leaks in a long-distance oil pipeline. In one of the accidents, the leaked substance spread after contaminating surface water and had an immediate impact on the local fisheries in the watershed. In the other accident, the pollution spread through groundwater and through air spaces in the soil, affecting nearby residents many days after the leak occurred. As can be expected, there were major differences in the substance and costs of follow-up remediation work in each of these two cases. As mentioned above, there are wide variations between different soil and groundwater pollution accidents, making it difficult to apply a one-fits-all set of emergency response procedures or mechanisms. Nonetheless, any response to an emergency pollution event should be able to immediately implement relevant emergency response measures to control the spread of pollution. The initial response is critical in that it works to protect people, decrease the area of contamination and reduce follow-up remediation costs. Some of the indispensible elements for achieving this goal are a fast and proficient emergency response team, experience of personnel, technology, and the creation of an operations manual. Thus in recent years the EPA has actively launched initiatives regarding the handling of emergency pollution events, including the establishment of professional emergency response support teams. These teams conduct pollution inspections and verification work at the outset of soil and groundwater pollution events to ensure a full understanding of the status of the pollution. The EPA has also published the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Event Emergency Response and Handling Reference Manual, which sets handling principles and methods for each kind of case. The manual draws on accumulated experience in emergency response procedures and techniques gained during actual implementation. It is hoped that in the handling of future pollution events, response organization can be more complete, response actions can be more rapid, and related response measures can be more appropriate so as to attain the goal of protecting people and preventing the spread of pollution. Central and Local Cooperation to Maintain Command over Pollution Situations and to Provide Immediate Response In February 2000, the 'Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act' provided the legal basis for implementing related work. In the face of increasing numbers and complexity of investigations into soil and groundwater pollution, assessments of improvement work, and emergency response work, county governments are being hindered by budget restrictions and administrative procedures. This makes it impossible to immediately attend to the response needs of pollution events and also makes it difficult to gain command over the actual status of pollution events. Thus there is still a need for the EPA to provide assistance during complex events, or when otherwise necessary. From 2001, the EPA began to commission professional organizations in special projects to provide emergency response and technical support for soil and groundwater pollution events. By the end of 2011, this mechanism saw to the implementation of nine special plans in which emergency response and technical support was provided at 140 sites. The general objectives of emergency response and verification are to verify pollution and improvement efforts, and investigate the causes and sources of pollution. Between 2001 and 2004, most pollution emergency response work was in the area of pollution verification. Work began to diversify from 2005 to 2011, which in addition to pollution verification, saw an increase in pollution source tracking, as well as investigation of pollution sources and environmental media. Thirty Percent of Pollution Sites Due to Factory Pollution Most pollution sites are factories, illegal dumping sites, and farmland. The most frequent soil pollutants are total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), benzene, nickel, chromium, copper and zinc, while the most common groundwater pollutants are benzene, toluene and vinyl chloride. Factories are the most common type of pollution site, comprising 29% of all cases, attesting to factory pollution as the main source of soil and groundwater pollution. The next most common type of pollution sites are illegal dumping sites, which account for 24% of all cases, showing that illegal disposal of waste is still a problem. The third most common type of pollution sites are farmland and other cases including oil pipeline leaks, accidents and pollution with unclear sources. Contaminated petrol station sites are relatively fewer in number, mainly due to the EPA’s implementation of widespread inspections at petrol stations in recent years. Based on investigation results, pollutant concentrations in soil and groundwater exceed control standards at nearly half of all pollution sites. Among the sites that have already completed emergency response work, over 20 sites have been announced as control sites in the following jurisdictions: Taichung City, Taoyuan County, Changhua County, Kaohsiung City, Taipei City, New Taipei City, Chiayi County, Tainan City, Hualien County, Hsinchu County, Pingtung County and Penghu County. Another six sites have been announced as remediation sites: Tainan Rende Jiaren Petrol Station Oil Pollution Incident Site, Tainan City China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Anshun Site, Kaohsiung City CPC Kaohsiung Refinery P37 Tanker Area, Miaoli County Vinyl Chloride Pollution Site, Pingtung County Sinyuan Township Sinyang Section 432-6 Land Verification and Inspection, and the Kaohsiung Formosa Plastics Corporation Renwu Plant. As the pollution source was not clear in the Miaoli Toufen Zhunan Area Groundwater Pollution Investigation, groundwater use restriction zones were delineated and other restrictions were announced. Recognizing the importance of emergency response to soil and groundwater pollution incidents, the government has established management principles and methods for various types of accidents, drawing on years of experience in all aspects of emergency response procedures and technology. Measures taken at the outset of a pollution accident can ensure appropriate protection of people and prevent pollution from spreading. The EPA has already established emergency support teams to assist in handling emergency pollution incidents and ensure speedy command over site pollution conditions. It will help ensure that necessary and effective emergency responses can be adopted with the required measures to prevent pollution from spreading or damaging human health and environmental quality. Once pollution has been confirmed, regulatory procedures are followed according to the law to ensure that polluters receive due punishment.
全文
Feature Article Soil and Groundwater Pollution Emergency Response The Taiwan government has established principles and methods for handling all types of accidents to ensure implementation of emergency response measures and to prevent the worsening of soil and groundwater pollution. Building on past experience with different aspects of emergency response procedures and technologies the goal of emergency response is to appropriately protect victims and prevent pollution from spreading at the onset of an accident. In any operation involving the handling of petroleum products or other chemical accidents, unforeseeable events such as human error, natural disasters or other external factors could result in contamination of soil and groundwater. In past accidents, soil and groundwater contamination was commonly neglected after wrapping up onsite emergency response work. In recent years the legislation of the 'Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act' and the incidents of high-profile pollution have highlighted soil and groundwater pollution as the focus of environmental protection efforts. This helps create a more complete picture that takes into consideration all the implications of pollution events, thus providing a better understanding of effective and swift methods that can prevent the spread of pollution and protect those in danger – two foremost tasks during an emergency pollution event. Establishing a Support Team to Carry Out Emergency Response Measures Some of the more common causes of pollution accidents include wastewater discharge, dumping of waste, tanker accidents, storage tank leaks, and breakage of oil pipelines. There is a vast difference in the pollution characteristics of each of these types of accidents. Even accidents of a similar nature can vary widely depending on the amount of pollutants released, geographical and geological factors, as well as daily habits of affected residents. These variables lead to differences in degree of contamination, degree of urgency and the types of emergency response measures required for each accident. For example, in 1996 and 1998 there were accidents along the provincial roadway near Houlong River Bridge and at the 322.5 K mark of the national highway. Both accidents involved leaks in a long-distance oil pipeline. In one of the accidents, the leaked substance spread after contaminating surface water and had an immediate impact on the local fisheries in the watershed. In the other accident, the pollution spread through groundwater and through air spaces in the soil, affecting nearby residents many days after the leak occurred. As can be expected, there were major differences in the substance and costs of follow-up remediation work in each of these two cases. As mentioned above, there are wide variations between different soil and groundwater pollution accidents, making it difficult to apply a one-fits-all set of emergency response procedures or mechanisms. Nonetheless, any response to an emergency pollution event should be able to immediately implement relevant emergency response measures to control the spread of pollution. The initial response is critical in that it works to protect people, decrease the area of contamination and reduce follow-up remediation costs. Some of the indispensible elements for achieving this goal are a fast and proficient emergency response team, experience of personnel, technology, and the creation of an operations manual. Thus in recent years the EPA has actively launched initiatives regarding the handling of emergency pollution events, including the establishment of professional emergency response support teams. These teams conduct pollution inspections and verification work at the outset of soil and groundwater pollution events to ensure a full understanding of the status of the pollution. The EPA has also published the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Event Emergency Response and Handling Reference Manual, which sets handling principles and methods for each kind of case. The manual draws on accumulated experience in emergency response procedures and techniques gained during actual implementation. It is hoped that in the handling of future pollution events, response organization can be more complete, response actions can be more rapid, and related response measures can be more appropriate so as to attain the goal of protecting people and preventing the spread of pollution. Central and Local Cooperation to Maintain Command over Pollution Situations and to Provide Immediate Response In February 2000, the 'Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act' provided the legal basis for implementing related work. In the face of increasing numbers and complexity of investigations into soil and groundwater pollution, assessments of improvement work, and emergency response work, county governments are being hindered by budget restrictions and administrative procedures. This makes it impossible to immediately attend to the response needs of pollution events and also makes it difficult to gain command over the actual status of pollution events. Thus there is still a need for the EPA to provide assistance during complex events, or when otherwise necessary. From 2001, the EPA began to commission professional organizations in special projects to provide emergency response and technical support for soil and groundwater pollution events. By the end of 2011, this mechanism saw to the implementation of nine special plans in which emergency response and technical support was provided at 140 sites. The general objectives of emergency response and verification are to verify pollution and improvement efforts, and investigate the causes and sources of pollution. Between 2001 and 2004, most pollution emergency response work was in the area of pollution verification. Work began to diversify from 2005 to 2011, which in addition to pollution verification, saw an increase in pollution source tracking, as well as investigation of pollution sources and environmental media. Thirty Percent of Pollution Sites Due to Factory Pollution Most pollution sites are factories, illegal dumping sites, and farmland. The most frequent soil pollutants are total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), benzene, nickel, chromium, copper and zinc, while the most common groundwater pollutants are benzene, toluene and vinyl chloride. Factories are the most common type of pollution site, comprising 29% of all cases, attesting to factory pollution as the main source of soil and groundwater pollution. The next most common type of pollution sites are illegal dumping sites, which account for 24% of all cases, showing that illegal disposal of waste is still a problem. The third most common type of pollution sites are farmland and other cases including oil pipeline leaks, accidents and pollution with unclear sources. Contaminated petrol station sites are relatively fewer in number, mainly due to the EPA’s implementation of widespread inspections at petrol stations in recent years. Based on investigation results, pollutant concentrations in soil and groundwater exceed control standards at nearly half of all pollution sites. Among the sites that have already completed emergency response work, over 20 sites have been announced as control sites in the following jurisdictions: Taichung City, Taoyuan County, Changhua County, Kaohsiung City, Taipei City, New Taipei City, Chiayi County, Tainan City, Hualien County, Hsinchu County, Pingtung County and Penghu County. Another six sites have been announced as remediation sites: Tainan Rende Jiaren Petrol Station Oil Pollution Incident Site, Tainan City China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Anshun Site, Kaohsiung City CPC Kaohsiung Refinery P37 Tanker Area, Miaoli County Vinyl Chloride Pollution Site, Pingtung County Sinyuan Township Sinyang Section 432-6 Land Verification and Inspection, and the Kaohsiung Formosa Plastics Corporation Renwu Plant. As the pollution source was not clear in the Miaoli Toufen Zhunan Area Groundwater Pollution Investigation, groundwater use restriction zones were delineated and other restrictions were announced. Recognizing the importance of emergency response to soil and groundwater pollution incidents, the government has established management principles and methods for various types of accidents, drawing on years of experience in all aspects of emergency response procedures and technology. Measures taken at the outset of a pollution accident can ensure appropriate protection of people and prevent pollution from spreading. The EPA has already established emergency support teams to assist in handling emergency pollution incidents and ensure speedy command over site pollution conditions. It will help ensure that necessary and effective emergency responses can be adopted with the required measures to prevent pollution from spreading or damaging human health and environmental quality. Once pollution has been confirmed, regulatory procedures are followed according to the law to ensure that polluters receive due punishment.
年度
2012
月份
7
卷
15
期
7
順序
1
倒序
2
分類
Feature Article
標題2
Soil and Groundwater Pollution Emergency Response
檔案位置
V15/V15-07
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全文：
AQI Replaces PM2.5
Since the EPA integrated the Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) and the PM2.5 Index
編號：
3592
標題：
First Monitoring Results Released after Air Quality Monitoring Strengthened for Traffic Pollution
摘要：
Environmental Monitoring
First Monitoring Results Released after Air Quality Monitoring Strengthened
全文：
First Monitoring Results Released after Air Quality Monitoring Strengthened for Traffic Pollution
Th
編號：
3587
標題：
Amendments of Regulations Governing Air Pollution Monitoring Equipment Preannounced
摘要：
Air
Amendments of Regulations Governing Air Pollution Monitoring Equipment Preannounced
On 10 July 2
全文：
Amendments of Regulations Governing Air Pollution Monitoring Equipment Preannounced
On 10 July 2017,
編號：
3594
標題：
Carbon Product Awards Created to Encourage Industries to Produce Low-carbon Products
摘要：
Ecolabeling
Carbon Product Awards Created to Encourage Industries to Produce Low-carbon Products
In
全文：
Carbon Product Awards Created to Encourage Industries to Produce Low-carbon Products
In order to rai
編號：
3437
標題：
Water Quality Standards for Groundwater Injection Amended
摘要：
Water
Water Quality Standards for Groundwater Injection Amended
全文：
Water Quality Standards for Groundwater Injection Amended
On 12 May 2016, the EPA announced the amen
編號：
3840
標題：
EPA and MOEA Continue to Reduce Air Pollution of State-run Industries
摘要：
Air
EPA and MOEA Continue to Reduce Air Pollution of State-run Industries
The EPA and the Ministry
全文：
The EPA said that under its joint efforts with the MOEA, state-run industries have seen reduction of
編號：
225
標題：
Central Area Air Quality Improvement Plan Implemented
摘要：
On August 25 the Central Area Air Quality Improvement Plan was formally implemented. The Plan calls
全文：
On August 25 the Central Area Air Quality Improvement Plan was formally implemented. The Plan calls
編號：
3090
標題：
Compulsory Registration of Manufactured or Imported Toxic Substances Starts from 2014
摘要：
Toxic Substance
Compulsory Registration of Manufactured or Imported Toxic Substances Starts from 20
全文：
Toxic Substance
Compulsory Registration of Manufactured or Imported Toxic Substances Starts from 20
編號：
3982
標題：
1. New Measures Effective in January 2021
摘要：
A number of environmental policies and regulations have taken effect since 1 January 2021, including
全文：
Major policies and measures implemented in January 2021 as below:
1. Enhancing control on vehicle no
編號：
3528
標題：
Monitoring Resources Integrated For Better Information Sharing and Service
摘要：
Environmental Monitoring
Monitoring Resources Integrated For Better Information Sharing and Service
全文：
Monitoring Resources Integrated For Better Information Sharing and Service
To provide more transpare
編號：
116
標題：
NCSD Passes National Environmental Protection Plan
摘要：
Sustainable Development The Executive Yuan National Council for Sustainable Development (NCSD) pass
全文：
Sustainable Development The Executive Yuan National Council for Sustainable Development (NCSD) pass
編號：
3708
標題：
EPA and MOHW Jointly Inspect Chemical Raw Material Industry
摘要：
Chemicals
EPA and MOHW Jointly Inspect Chemical Raw Material Industry
The EPA, assigned by the Offic
全文：
EPA and MOHW Jointly Inspect Chemical Raw Material Industry
The EPA, assigned by the Office of Food
編號：
4085
標題：
International Environmental Education Workshop Held for Foreign Students in Taiwan
摘要：
Environmental Education
International Environmental Education Workshop Held for Foreign Students in
全文：
The EPA once again organized international environmental education courses this year for foreign stu
編號：
3591
標題：
Diversified Waste Treatment Plan Launched to Raise Capacity for Waste Treatment
摘要：
Environmental Inspection
Diversified Waste Treatment Plan Launched to Raise Capacity for Waste Treat
全文：
Diversified Waste Treatment Plan Launched to Raise Capacity for Waste Treatment
Currently Taiwan ha
編號：
352
標題：
Dry-cell Batteries to be Comprehensively Recycled
摘要：
The plan to comprehensively recycle dry-cell batteries was recently completed and announced on May 4
全文：
The plan to comprehensively recycle dry-cell batteries was recently completed and announced on May 4
編號：
3622
標題：
Amendments for Tighter Controls in Marine Discharge Pipe Effluent Standards Announced
摘要：
Water
Amendments for Tighter Controls in Marine Discharge Pipe Effluent Standards Announced
On 20 Oc
全文：
Amendments for Tighter Controls in Marine Discharge Pipe Effluent Standards Announced
On 20 October
編號：
4230
標題：
Preannouncement of Amendment of VOCs Control Standards for Polyurethane Coating Industry
摘要：
To enhance the control for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and encourage the polyurethane coating
全文：
Preannouncement of Amendment of VOCs Control Standards for Polyurethane Coating Industry
To enhance
編號：
4239
標題：
Plastic Blister Packaging to Be Announced as Mandatory Recyclables
摘要：
To increase the recycling efficiency of flat plastic packaging materials and reduce the impact of pl
全文：
More and more packaging materials and methods are being invented and used in the market. Common ones
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