VOCs from PU Synthetic Leather Industry to Be ControlledAir1998
「VOCs from PU Synthetic Leather Industry to Be ControlledAir1998」於資料集「Environmental Policy Monthly」由單位「行政院環境保護署」的楊先生所提供，聯繫電話是(02)23117722#2217,(02)23117722#2216，最近更新時間為：2022-01-15 01:13:03。 欄位編號的內容是23 ， 欄位標題的內容是VOCs from PU Synthetic Leather Industry to Be Controlled ， 欄位摘要的內容是Air Quality Taiwan is the world's leading polyurethane (PU) synthetic leather producer controlling 40 of the global market. This industry, however, emits over 15.000 tons of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ， 欄位全文的內容是Air Quality Taiwan is the world's leading polyurethane (PU) synthetic leather producer controlling 40 of the global market. This industry, however, emits over 15.000 tons of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) per year. This amount comprises 14 of all VOC emissions in Taiwan and 24 of stationary source VOC emissions. VOCs are substances that easily evaporate at low temperatures and help trigger the formation of ozone. Reducing VOC emissions is, therefore, an important step in reducing ozone concentration levels. Due to these considerations, the EPA indicated its decision to control VOC emissions at a July 15th meeting called to formally discuss VOC emission standards for the PU synthetic leather industry.In defining VOC control standards for specific industries, the EPA focuses on both exhaust concen- tration levels and emission reduction rates. If only concentration standards were set, manufacturers could easily meet them by diluting emissions.Currently, organic solvents used in the PU synthetic leather manufacturing "dry process" include dimethylformamide (DMF), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and toluene. The "wet process" of synthetic leather manufacture uses only DMF. The EPA has indicated that currently most manufacturers using the wet process only recycle and reuse DMF from wastewater containing high DMF concentrations. Most manufacturers have not yet utilized pollution control equipment to control DMF air emissions. In view of the highly polluting nature of DMF and the existence of DMF recycling technology, the EPA considers control of DMF and other VOCs used in the PU synthetic leather industry to be both necessary and feasible.The standards contain four major elements: exhaust collection facilities criteria, standards for DMF emissions, standards for all VOC emissions, and regulations governing emissions monitoring and recording and data maintenance and reporting. To reduce the amount of VOC emissions through unintended volatilization, the draft regulations require manufacturers to install closed vent or local exhaust vent systems at each VOC emission source. The latter should, in addition, comply with regulations concerning wind velocity.The concentration standards for emitted DMF were established according to EPA sponsored research. After consideration of health risk assessments, olfactory response levels, and engineering control technology, the concentration standards were set at l0ppm. Additionally, when the EPA researched DMF control technology, it discovered that DMF recycling rates can feasibly exceed 95%, resulting in both cost savings and concentration values of less than l00ppm. The EPA realizes that standards set at a 95% reduction rate and l0ppm concentration may be difficult to obtain for some manufacturers. The EPA has therefore set the standard at 90% reduction levels or an emitted concentration of 20ppm. The planned date of implementation will be January 1, 1999.For dry manufacturing processes and printing processes established after the date of promulgation, all VOC emissions (including DMF) must be collected by local exhaust vent equipment, passed through the closed vent system, and then properly treated. The standards will require a reduction rate of 95% or an emitted concentration of less than 150ppm (based on methane). For factories established prior to the date of promulgation, the required standards will be the same, but the date of implementation will be delayed until January 1, 2001. Depending on the feasibility of VOC treatment technology and single solvent use, it may be possible, prior to December 12th, 1999, to discuss changes to the date of implementation.Some manufacturers have recently expressed opposition to the new VOC regulations. Some have also demanded that the compliance date be extended and the control limits be broadened. Nonetheless, DMF's status as a toxic air pollutant and the EPA's increasingly strict approach to odor control mean that establishing the new standards will move ahead as planned. ， 欄位年度的內容是1998 ， 欄位月份的內容是2 ， 欄位卷的內容是1 ， 欄位期的內容是2 ， 欄位順序的內容是1 ， 欄位倒序的內容是2 ， 欄位分類的內容是Air ， 欄位標題2的內容是VOCs from PU Synthetic Leather Industry to Be Controlled ， 欄位檔案位置的內容是print/V1/V1-02 。
編號
23
標題
VOCs from PU Synthetic Leather Industry to Be Controlled
摘要
Air Quality Taiwan is the world's leading polyurethane (PU) synthetic leather producer controlling 40 of the global market. This industry, however, emits over 15.000 tons of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
全文
Air Quality Taiwan is the world's leading polyurethane (PU) synthetic leather producer controlling 40 of the global market. This industry, however, emits over 15.000 tons of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) per year. This amount comprises 14 of all VOC emissions in Taiwan and 24 of stationary source VOC emissions. VOCs are substances that easily evaporate at low temperatures and help trigger the formation of ozone. Reducing VOC emissions is, therefore, an important step in reducing ozone concentration levels. Due to these considerations, the EPA indicated its decision to control VOC emissions at a July 15th meeting called to formally discuss VOC emission standards for the PU synthetic leather industry.In defining VOC control standards for specific industries, the EPA focuses on both exhaust concen- tration levels and emission reduction rates. If only concentration standards were set, manufacturers could easily meet them by diluting emissions.Currently, organic solvents used in the PU synthetic leather manufacturing "dry process" include dimethylformamide (DMF), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and toluene. The "wet process" of synthetic leather manufacture uses only DMF. The EPA has indicated that currently most manufacturers using the wet process only recycle and reuse DMF from wastewater containing high DMF concentrations. Most manufacturers have not yet utilized pollution control equipment to control DMF air emissions. In view of the highly polluting nature of DMF and the existence of DMF recycling technology, the EPA considers control of DMF and other VOCs used in the PU synthetic leather industry to be both necessary and feasible.The standards contain four major elements: exhaust collection facilities criteria, standards for DMF emissions, standards for all VOC emissions, and regulations governing emissions monitoring and recording and data maintenance and reporting. To reduce the amount of VOC emissions through unintended volatilization, the draft regulations require manufacturers to install closed vent or local exhaust vent systems at each VOC emission source. The latter should, in addition, comply with regulations concerning wind velocity.The concentration standards for emitted DMF were established according to EPA sponsored research. After consideration of health risk assessments, olfactory response levels, and engineering control technology, the concentration standards were set at l0ppm. Additionally, when the EPA researched DMF control technology, it discovered that DMF recycling rates can feasibly exceed 95%, resulting in both cost savings and concentration values of less than l00ppm. The EPA realizes that standards set at a 95% reduction rate and l0ppm concentration may be difficult to obtain for some manufacturers. The EPA has therefore set the standard at 90% reduction levels or an emitted concentration of 20ppm. The planned date of implementation will be January 1, 1999.For dry manufacturing processes and printing processes established after the date of promulgation, all VOC emissions (including DMF) must be collected by local exhaust vent equipment, passed through the closed vent system, and then properly treated. The standards will require a reduction rate of 95% or an emitted concentration of less than 150ppm (based on methane). For factories established prior to the date of promulgation, the required standards will be the same, but the date of implementation will be delayed until January 1, 2001. Depending on the feasibility of VOC treatment technology and single solvent use, it may be possible, prior to December 12th, 1999, to discuss changes to the date of implementation.Some manufacturers have recently expressed opposition to the new VOC regulations. Some have also demanded that the compliance date be extended and the control limits be broadened. Nonetheless, DMF's status as a toxic air pollutant and the EPA's increasingly strict approach to odor control mean that establishing the new standards will move ahead as planned.
年度
1998
月份
2
卷
1
期
2
順序
1
倒序
2
分類
Air
標題2
VOCs from PU Synthetic Leather Industry to Be Controlled
檔案位置
print/V1/V1-02
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