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Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework

「Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework」於資料集「Environmental Policy Monthly」由單位「行政院環境保護署」的楊先生所提供，聯繫電話是(02)23117722#2217,(02)23117722#2216，最近更新時間為：2022-01-15 01:13:03。欄位編號的內容是853 ，欄位標題的內容是Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework ，欄位摘要的內容是To improve the environmental quality of rivers and waterways the ocean, lakes, reservoirs, soil and groundwater, the EPA has proposed the Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework, which lays a course for water quality protection policy over the next three years. In our feature article this month, we have invited Bureau of Water Quality Protection Director General Shean-rong Cheng to talk about administrative policy, introduce a new Bureau of Water Quality Protection approach to river pollution remediation, and discuss the bureau’s budgetary situation. Director General Cheng Explains Water Quality Management We invited Bureau of Water Quality Protection Director General Shean-rong Cheng (鄭顯榮) to discuss his administrative policies for this month’s feature article. Throughout the entire interview, which took less than an hour, Director General Cheng spoke freely and with confidence, but he always kept a small stack of papers clutched in his hand. Although the papers were not bound with a glossy cover, they represented our country’s most important water quality protection plans at our current stage of development, and are entitled the Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework (水體品質管理及土壤地下水污染整治架構; referred to below as the Water Quality Management Framework). The main goals of this framework are to improve the environmental quality of rivers and waterways, the ocean, lakes, reservoirs, soil and groundwater, preserve ecological systems and insure the sustainable use of resources. Director General Cheng noted that water quality protection extends from rivers and waterways all the way to groundwater. And because of water's mobility, all forms of water are interconnected. We have already gained considerable experience in water protection and pollution prevention work, and achieved significant results. Because of this, the most urgent task at hand is not to establish more hardware facilities, but rather to improve our software. In other words, we must collect and make use of more environmental background data. The collection of background environmental data will be the first priority after the drafting of laws and regulations for the Water Quality Management Framework is completed. The purpose of collecting and organizing environmental background data is to obtain real-time information and provide a basis for policy administration, said Director General Cheng. With this in mind, water quality monitoring will be conducted over the next three years (2002~2004) throughout rivers and waterways administered by the central government and key counties. The items to be monitored will include heavy metals, dioxin and eutrophication indicators, as well as conventional water quality items for wastewater and reservoirs. The river and waterway pollution cleanup decision-making support system will be updated and maintained, and groundwater monitoring stations will be planned and deployed. In addition, conventional pollution indicators will no longer be relied on to determine the degree of urgency in implementing water cleanup policy. Instead, cleanup will be conducted in light of the pollution characteristics of specific rivers and waterways. This change will allow more flexibility in cleanup work, and better grasp of pollution characteristics will enable target pollutants to be quickly pinned down. While future cleanup efforts will emphasize overall effectiveness, the EPA feels that making cosmetic and symbolic improvements is as important as dealing with the roots of environmental problems. If even refuse floating in a river or at a river mouth cannot be cleaned up, Cheng said for example, how can the public have confidence that the EPA has the ability to clean up truly serious environmental problems? This is why it is important to dispose immediately of visible pollution, and not just create an illusion of effectiveness. As far as marine pollution prevention policy is concerned, the focus of this year's and next year’s work will be on the establishment of a marine emergency response system. Major oil pollution incidents can't be attributed solely to international ships, and most are actually caused by domestic vessels. The key to dealing with these pollution incidents is therefore to effectively support local government and strengthen the facilities and equipment needed for pollution prevention. In this regard, Director General Cheng stated that the EPA would deploy “mobile offices” in the future, so that whenever a major pollution incident occurs, the trailer offices can be towed to the scene without delay to establish an emergency response headquarters. With respect to the drafting of regulations in connection with the Marine Pollution Control Act, these regulations have either been already announced or their drafts are being currently deliberated. In the case of regulations concerning the determination of marine control zones, as in the case of soil and groundwater pollution control regions, the advance announcement of marine pollution control zones can avoid unnecessary losses to coastal fish farmers who had originally been unaware of the situation. While there lately have been many media reports on the collection of water pollution fees, plans have not yet been finalized. Because the public will ask why the EPA wishes to collect NT$1.2 billion every year, further planning must be performed in connection with fee collection standards, fee collection implementation and fee uses. Turning to overall water quality protection, the main reason for the difficulty of implementing industrial park wastewater pollution reduction and household sewage pollution reduction is that different competent authorities are involved: The Industrial Development Bureau, MOEA, is responsible for the former, while sewer systems are under the oversight of the Construction & Planning Administration, MOI. Addressing industrial park wastewater, the EPA has decided to take the bull by the horns and tackle the problem by adopting a graduated, classified management approach that will include ongoing audits of pollution sources and intensified audits of special industries. In the case of household sewage, because it is impossible to ask the public to replace septic tanks with discharge line equipment capable of handling all household sewage overnight, immediate measures will primarily consist of guidance, control and awareness. Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework Strategy Measures Establishment of laws and systems 1. Review regulations of Water Pollution Control Act 2. Study and revise regulations of Marine Pollution Control Act 3. Promote enforcement of Soil and Groundwater Protection and Remediation Act Collection environmental background data 1. Collect environmental background data for river basins, reservoirs, soil, groundwater, ocean and bottom mud 2. Plan and review analysis and use of environmental background data and monitoring station data Water quality maintenance in rivers and reservoirs 1. River basin management plan 2. Non-point source pollution management plan 3. Industrial wastewater pollution reduction plan 4. Industrial park wastewater pollution reduction plan 5. Household sewage pollution reduction plan 6. Pollution source audit plan Marine water quality maintenance 1. Marine discharge permit tasks and management 2. Control and management of marine control zones and pollution source wastewater emissions 3. Cleanup and disposal of marine oil pollution Soil and groundwater pollution cleanup 1. Establishment of fund finance and management committee system 2. Strengthen soil and groundwater pollution cleanup response and polluted site control plans 3. Implement survey, assessment and disposal grade planning for pollution cleanup sites 4. Establish effective compensation request mechanism for fund Establishment of emergency response system 1. Emergency respond system for rivers, waterways and reservoirs 2. Promote establishment of a water pollution incident emergency respond system 3. Marine pollution emergency response system New Remediation Approach to Cleanup of Putzu River River and waterway cleanup has always been one of the EPA’s most consistent and intensive activities. But because this task must involve the numerous competent authorities in charge of target industries, bureaucratic hurdles have been daunting, and the government’s tireless efforts to clean up rivers and waterways have never delivered the desired ultimate benefits. Facing up to this less than desirable situation, starting this year (2001) the EPA has made a break with its past methods in the form of the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project (see EPM Vol. IV, Issue 10). The Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project is different from past approaches in the following ways: First, cleanup is being performed using the most effective and appropriate methods, with an eye to time-efficiency, in accordance with the characteristics of river and waterway pollution. The EPA points out that, of the major pollution sources affecting the Putzu River, 75% consist of household sewage, 13% consist of livestock wastewater, and 6.4% consist of industrial wastewater. Because it accounts for the greatest share of pollution, the cleanup of household sewage is given the highest priority under the project. In addition, the project calls for the simultaneous cleanup of all possible pollution sources throughout the entire basin. This synchronized approach promises to lower costs while shortening the cleanup timetable. Second, the strengthening of horizontal liaison and communication has effectively integrated the cleanup efforts of central and local governments. The EPA reminds people that because local governments, and not the central government, are responsible for implementing some of the most important river cleanup tasks, even the best central government plans will be ineffective without full local cooperation. EPA officials have made constant efforts to communicate with local governments during the implementation of the project, and have received a high level of support. The Chiayi City government has even taken the step of establishing a dedicated sewage system subsection on December 1st; subsection personnel are exclusively responsible for performing water pollution cleanup work. Third, the EPA is assisting in problem resolution and actively acquiring new pollution reduction technology. For example, the EPA is acquiring a new Japanese soil chamber biological treatment technique that uses natural methods to clean up wastewater in water source zones, non-urban planning zones and areas where sewer systems do not reach. While the EPA often outsourced environmental protection technology problems to technical consulting companies in the past, the EPA is playing a technical support role in the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project, and will use overseas fact-finding missions to bring advanced foreign environmental protection technology to Taiwan for use in remediation work. Fourth, the EPA is promoting local public participation, conducting environmental protection education and establishing ecological indicators and an ecological park. The ecological park is leaning towards the adoption of “ecological, near-natural working methods,” and considers maintaining biodiversity to be its first priority; concrete structures and other manmade objects will be avoided as much as possible in the park. After cleanup has been completed, the Putzu River will be like one of the “community rivers” maintained by local residents that are seen in the industrialized nations. The job of river and waterway cleanup is not something that can be completed in one or two days, nor can it be implemented by a single government agency acting on its own. The disappointing results of past cleanup work certainly don’t mean that remediation has been a failure, but it has been learned that lack of integration inevitably leads to sharply reduced effectiveness. The implementation of the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project has thus quietly caused a major shift in thinking about river and waterway cleanup. Dissecting the Bureau of Water Quality Protection’s Annual Budgets Considering the complexity of its duties and the extensive scope of its work, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection’s annual budget—usually around NT$500 million—is by no means as large as one might imagine. The following table shows the bureau’s budget for the 15-year period from FY1988 to FY2002. High in the early years, the bureau’s budget gradually drops starting in 1991, and doesn’t start rising until roughly 1999, noted Senior Specialist Hung-teh Tsai (蔡鴻德) of the Bureau of Water Quality Protection. The main reason the budget was above NT$700 million or even NT$1 billion in some years was because the funding required for the implementation of certain special programs, usually rather large amounts, was included within the regular budget. Taking 2000 as an example, the bureau’s total budget was close to NT$1.3 billion, but nearly NT$700 million was needed to compensate and remove hog raisers from water source zones—a program that is soon to be completed. Other recent programs have included the beautification of the Erchung Floodway and other riverside beautification and landscaping projects. Although the bureau’s funds are limited, it still manages to satisfactorily promote water quality protection and upgrade environmental protection facilities at the local government level. Of the 2001 budget, which rose slightly to a bit more than NT$500 million, roughly NT$180 million is earmarked for water quality protection and around NT$330 million is for local government environmental protection facilities. The former includes a number of clearly defined projects that are closely connected with water quality protection, including basin management projects and sewer system management projects. In contrast, upgrading local government environmental protection facilities oversteps the boundaries of water quality protection, at least as narrowly defined, and includes funding for the removal and disposal of unspecified waste by local governments, the construction of small incinerators in isolated areas, and other waste disposal facilities. Because these projects can effectively prevent wastes from polluting groundwater or water sources, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection allots budget funding for their implementation. The formal start of soil and groundwater pollution cleanup work in November of this year has required immense expenditures. Apart from levying soil and groundwater pollution cleanup fees from announced designated firms, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection must set aside a large amount of money in next year’s (2002) budget for this work. It’s not surprising that the provisional budget figure is the highest ever. Year-by-year Overview of Water Quality Protection Budget, 1988 to 2002 (units: NT$) Year 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 Budget 703,912,000 1,271,137,000 233,015,000 235,246,000 641,293,000 750,230,000 664,818,000 413,085,000 Year 1996 1997 1998 1999 Second half of 1999 & 2000 2001 2002 （not final） Budget 399,820,000 320,638,000 307,908,000 491,593,000 1,297,314,000 546,516,000 1,316,571,000 ，欄位全文的內容是To improve the environmental quality of rivers and waterways the ocean, lakes, reservoirs, soil and groundwater, the EPA has proposed the Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework, which lays a course for water quality protection policy over the next three years. In our feature article this month, we have invited Bureau of Water Quality Protection Director General Shean-rong Cheng to talk about administrative policy, introduce a new Bureau of Water Quality Protection approach to river pollution remediation, and discuss the bureau’s budgetary situation. Director General Cheng Explains Water Quality Management We invited Bureau of Water Quality Protection Director General Shean-rong Cheng (鄭顯榮) to discuss his administrative policies for this month’s feature article. Throughout the entire interview, which took less than an hour, Director General Cheng spoke freely and with confidence, but he always kept a small stack of papers clutched in his hand. Although the papers were not bound with a glossy cover, they represented our country’s most important water quality protection plans at our current stage of development, and are entitled the Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework (水體品質管理及土壤地下水污染整治架構; referred to below as the Water Quality Management Framework). The main goals of this framework are to improve the environmental quality of rivers and waterways, the ocean, lakes, reservoirs, soil and groundwater, preserve ecological systems and insure the sustainable use of resources. Director General Cheng noted that water quality protection extends from rivers and waterways all the way to groundwater. And because of water's mobility, all forms of water are interconnected. We have already gained considerable experience in water protection and pollution prevention work, and achieved significant results. Because of this, the most urgent task at hand is not to establish more hardware facilities, but rather to improve our software. In other words, we must collect and make use of more environmental background data. The collection of background environmental data will be the first priority after the drafting of laws and regulations for the Water Quality Management Framework is completed. The purpose of collecting and organizing environmental background data is to obtain real-time information and provide a basis for policy administration, said Director General Cheng. With this in mind, water quality monitoring will be conducted over the next three years (2002~2004) throughout rivers and waterways administered by the central government and key counties. The items to be monitored will include heavy metals, dioxin and eutrophication indicators, as well as conventional water quality items for wastewater and reservoirs. The river and waterway pollution cleanup decision-making support system will be updated and maintained, and groundwater monitoring stations will be planned and deployed. In addition, conventional pollution indicators will no longer be relied on to determine the degree of urgency in implementing water cleanup policy. Instead, cleanup will be conducted in light of the pollution characteristics of specific rivers and waterways. This change will allow more flexibility in cleanup work, and better grasp of pollution characteristics will enable target pollutants to be quickly pinned down. While future cleanup efforts will emphasize overall effectiveness, the EPA feels that making cosmetic and symbolic improvements is as important as dealing with the roots of environmental problems. If even refuse floating in a river or at a river mouth cannot be cleaned up, Cheng said for example, how can the public have confidence that the EPA has the ability to clean up truly serious environmental problems? This is why it is important to dispose immediately of visible pollution, and not just create an illusion of effectiveness. As far as marine pollution prevention policy is concerned, the focus of this year's and next year’s work will be on the establishment of a marine emergency response system. Major oil pollution incidents can't be attributed solely to international ships, and most are actually caused by domestic vessels. The key to dealing with these pollution incidents is therefore to effectively support local government and strengthen the facilities and equipment needed for pollution prevention. In this regard, Director General Cheng stated that the EPA would deploy “mobile offices” in the future, so that whenever a major pollution incident occurs, the trailer offices can be towed to the scene without delay to establish an emergency response headquarters. With respect to the drafting of regulations in connection with the Marine Pollution Control Act, these regulations have either been already announced or their drafts are being currently deliberated. In the case of regulations concerning the determination of marine control zones, as in the case of soil and groundwater pollution control regions, the advance announcement of marine pollution control zones can avoid unnecessary losses to coastal fish farmers who had originally been unaware of the situation. While there lately have been many media reports on the collection of water pollution fees, plans have not yet been finalized. Because the public will ask why the EPA wishes to collect NT$1.2 billion every year, further planning must be performed in connection with fee collection standards, fee collection implementation and fee uses. Turning to overall water quality protection, the main reason for the difficulty of implementing industrial park wastewater pollution reduction and household sewage pollution reduction is that different competent authorities are involved: The Industrial Development Bureau, MOEA, is responsible for the former, while sewer systems are under the oversight of the Construction & Planning Administration, MOI. Addressing industrial park wastewater, the EPA has decided to take the bull by the horns and tackle the problem by adopting a graduated, classified management approach that will include ongoing audits of pollution sources and intensified audits of special industries. In the case of household sewage, because it is impossible to ask the public to replace septic tanks with discharge line equipment capable of handling all household sewage overnight, immediate measures will primarily consist of guidance, control and awareness. Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework Strategy Measures Establishment of laws and systems 1. Review regulations of Water Pollution Control Act 2. Study and revise regulations of Marine Pollution Control Act 3. Promote enforcement of Soil and Groundwater Protection and Remediation Act Collection environmental background data 1. Collect environmental background data for river basins, reservoirs, soil, groundwater, ocean and bottom mud 2. Plan and review analysis and use of environmental background data and monitoring station data Water quality maintenance in rivers and reservoirs 1. River basin management plan 2. Non-point source pollution management plan 3. Industrial wastewater pollution reduction plan 4. Industrial park wastewater pollution reduction plan 5. Household sewage pollution reduction plan 6. Pollution source audit plan Marine water quality maintenance 1. Marine discharge permit tasks and management 2. Control and management of marine control zones and pollution source wastewater emissions 3. Cleanup and disposal of marine oil pollution Soil and groundwater pollution cleanup 1. Establishment of fund finance and management committee system 2. Strengthen soil and groundwater pollution cleanup response and polluted site control plans 3. Implement survey, assessment and disposal grade planning for pollution cleanup sites 4. Establish effective compensation request mechanism for fund Establishment of emergency response system 1. Emergency respond system for rivers, waterways and reservoirs 2. Promote establishment of a water pollution incident emergency respond system 3. Marine pollution emergency response system New Remediation Approach to Cleanup of Putzu River River and waterway cleanup has always been one of the EPA’s most consistent and intensive activities. But because this task must involve the numerous competent authorities in charge of target industries, bureaucratic hurdles have been daunting, and the government’s tireless efforts to clean up rivers and waterways have never delivered the desired ultimate benefits. Facing up to this less than desirable situation, starting this year (2001) the EPA has made a break with its past methods in the form of the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project (see EPM Vol. IV, Issue 10). The Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project is different from past approaches in the following ways: First, cleanup is being performed using the most effective and appropriate methods, with an eye to time-efficiency, in accordance with the characteristics of river and waterway pollution. The EPA points out that, of the major pollution sources affecting the Putzu River, 75% consist of household sewage, 13% consist of livestock wastewater, and 6.4% consist of industrial wastewater. Because it accounts for the greatest share of pollution, the cleanup of household sewage is given the highest priority under the project. In addition, the project calls for the simultaneous cleanup of all possible pollution sources throughout the entire basin. This synchronized approach promises to lower costs while shortening the cleanup timetable. Second, the strengthening of horizontal liaison and communication has effectively integrated the cleanup efforts of central and local governments. The EPA reminds people that because local governments, and not the central government, are responsible for implementing some of the most important river cleanup tasks, even the best central government plans will be ineffective without full local cooperation. EPA officials have made constant efforts to communicate with local governments during the implementation of the project, and have received a high level of support. The Chiayi City government has even taken the step of establishing a dedicated sewage system subsection on December 1st; subsection personnel are exclusively responsible for performing water pollution cleanup work. Third, the EPA is assisting in problem resolution and actively acquiring new pollution reduction technology. For example, the EPA is acquiring a new Japanese soil chamber biological treatment technique that uses natural methods to clean up wastewater in water source zones, non-urban planning zones and areas where sewer systems do not reach. While the EPA often outsourced environmental protection technology problems to technical consulting companies in the past, the EPA is playing a technical support role in the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project, and will use overseas fact-finding missions to bring advanced foreign environmental protection technology to Taiwan for use in remediation work. Fourth, the EPA is promoting local public participation, conducting environmental protection education and establishing ecological indicators and an ecological park. The ecological park is leaning towards the adoption of “ecological, near-natural working methods,” and considers maintaining biodiversity to be its first priority; concrete structures and other manmade objects will be avoided as much as possible in the park. After cleanup has been completed, the Putzu River will be like one of the “community rivers” maintained by local residents that are seen in the industrialized nations. The job of river and waterway cleanup is not something that can be completed in one or two days, nor can it be implemented by a single government agency acting on its own. The disappointing results of past cleanup work certainly don’t mean that remediation has been a failure, but it has been learned that lack of integration inevitably leads to sharply reduced effectiveness. The implementation of the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project has thus quietly caused a major shift in thinking about river and waterway cleanup. Dissecting the Bureau of Water Quality Protection’s Annual Budgets Considering the complexity of its duties and the extensive scope of its work, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection’s annual budget—usually around NT$500 million—is by no means as large as one might imagine. The following table shows the bureau’s budget for the 15-year period from FY1988 to FY2002. High in the early years, the bureau’s budget gradually drops starting in 1991, and doesn’t start rising until roughly 1999, noted Senior Specialist Hung-teh Tsai (蔡鴻德) of the Bureau of Water Quality Protection. The main reason the budget was above NT$700 million or even NT$1 billion in some years was because the funding required for the implementation of certain special programs, usually rather large amounts, was included within the regular budget. Taking 2000 as an example, the bureau’s total budget was close to NT$1.3 billion, but nearly NT$700 million was needed to compensate and remove hog raisers from water source zones—a program that is soon to be completed. Other recent programs have included the beautification of the Erchung Floodway and other riverside beautification and landscaping projects. Although the bureau’s funds are limited, it still manages to satisfactorily promote water quality protection and upgrade environmental protection facilities at the local government level. Of the 2001 budget, which rose slightly to a bit more than NT$500 million, roughly NT$180 million is earmarked for water quality protection and around NT$330 million is for local government environmental protection facilities. The former includes a number of clearly defined projects that are closely connected with water quality protection, including basin management projects and sewer system management projects. In contrast, upgrading local government environmental protection facilities oversteps the boundaries of water quality protection, at least as narrowly defined, and includes funding for the removal and disposal of unspecified waste by local governments, the construction of small incinerators in isolated areas, and other waste disposal facilities. Because these projects can effectively prevent wastes from polluting groundwater or water sources, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection allots budget funding for their implementation. The formal start of soil and groundwater pollution cleanup work in November of this year has required immense expenditures. Apart from levying soil and groundwater pollution cleanup fees from announced designated firms, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection must set aside a large amount of money in next year’s (2002) budget for this work. It’s not surprising that the provisional budget figure is the highest ever. Year-by-year Overview of Water Quality Protection Budget, 1988 to 2002 (units: NT$) Year 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 Budget 703,912,000 1,271,137,000 233,015,000 235,246,000 641,293,000 750,230,000 664,818,000 413,085,000 Year 1996 1997 1998 1999 Second half of 1999 & 2000 2001 2002 （not final） Budget 399,820,000 320,638,000 307,908,000 491,593,000 1,297,314,000 546,516,000 1,316,571,000 ，欄位年度的內容是2001 ，欄位月份的內容是4 ，欄位卷的內容是4 ，欄位期的內容是12 ，欄位順序的內容是1 ，欄位倒序的內容是2 ，欄位分類的內容是water ，欄位標題2的內容是Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework ，欄位檔案位置的內容是print/V4/V4-12 。

編號

853

標題

摘要

To improve the environmental quality of rivers and waterways the ocean, lakes, reservoirs, soil and groundwater, the EPA has proposed the Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework, which lays a course for water quality protection policy over the next three years. In our feature article this month, we have invited Bureau of Water Quality Protection Director General Shean-rong Cheng to talk about administrative policy, introduce a new Bureau of Water Quality Protection approach to river pollution remediation, and discuss the bureau’s budgetary situation. Director General Cheng Explains Water Quality Management We invited Bureau of Water Quality Protection Director General Shean-rong Cheng (鄭顯榮) to discuss his administrative policies for this month’s feature article. Throughout the entire interview, which took less than an hour, Director General Cheng spoke freely and with confidence, but he always kept a small stack of papers clutched in his hand. Although the papers were not bound with a glossy cover, they represented our country’s most important water quality protection plans at our current stage of development, and are entitled the Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework (水體品質管理及土壤地下水污染整治架構; referred to below as the Water Quality Management Framework). The main goals of this framework are to improve the environmental quality of rivers and waterways, the ocean, lakes, reservoirs, soil and groundwater, preserve ecological systems and insure the sustainable use of resources. Director General Cheng noted that water quality protection extends from rivers and waterways all the way to groundwater. And because of water's mobility, all forms of water are interconnected. We have already gained considerable experience in water protection and pollution prevention work, and achieved significant results. Because of this, the most urgent task at hand is not to establish more hardware facilities, but rather to improve our software. In other words, we must collect and make use of more environmental background data. The collection of background environmental data will be the first priority after the drafting of laws and regulations for the Water Quality Management Framework is completed. The purpose of collecting and organizing environmental background data is to obtain real-time information and provide a basis for policy administration, said Director General Cheng. With this in mind, water quality monitoring will be conducted over the next three years (2002~2004) throughout rivers and waterways administered by the central government and key counties. The items to be monitored will include heavy metals, dioxin and eutrophication indicators, as well as conventional water quality items for wastewater and reservoirs. The river and waterway pollution cleanup decision-making support system will be updated and maintained, and groundwater monitoring stations will be planned and deployed. In addition, conventional pollution indicators will no longer be relied on to determine the degree of urgency in implementing water cleanup policy. Instead, cleanup will be conducted in light of the pollution characteristics of specific rivers and waterways. This change will allow more flexibility in cleanup work, and better grasp of pollution characteristics will enable target pollutants to be quickly pinned down. While future cleanup efforts will emphasize overall effectiveness, the EPA feels that making cosmetic and symbolic improvements is as important as dealing with the roots of environmental problems. If even refuse floating in a river or at a river mouth cannot be cleaned up, Cheng said for example, how can the public have confidence that the EPA has the ability to clean up truly serious environmental problems? This is why it is important to dispose immediately of visible pollution, and not just create an illusion of effectiveness. As far as marine pollution prevention policy is concerned, the focus of this year's and next year’s work will be on the establishment of a marine emergency response system. Major oil pollution incidents can't be attributed solely to international ships, and most are actually caused by domestic vessels. The key to dealing with these pollution incidents is therefore to effectively support local government and strengthen the facilities and equipment needed for pollution prevention. In this regard, Director General Cheng stated that the EPA would deploy “mobile offices” in the future, so that whenever a major pollution incident occurs, the trailer offices can be towed to the scene without delay to establish an emergency response headquarters. With respect to the drafting of regulations in connection with the Marine Pollution Control Act, these regulations have either been already announced or their drafts are being currently deliberated. In the case of regulations concerning the determination of marine control zones, as in the case of soil and groundwater pollution control regions, the advance announcement of marine pollution control zones can avoid unnecessary losses to coastal fish farmers who had originally been unaware of the situation. While there lately have been many media reports on the collection of water pollution fees, plans have not yet been finalized. Because the public will ask why the EPA wishes to collect NT$1.2 billion every year, further planning must be performed in connection with fee collection standards, fee collection implementation and fee uses. Turning to overall water quality protection, the main reason for the difficulty of implementing industrial park wastewater pollution reduction and household sewage pollution reduction is that different competent authorities are involved: The Industrial Development Bureau, MOEA, is responsible for the former, while sewer systems are under the oversight of the Construction & Planning Administration, MOI. Addressing industrial park wastewater, the EPA has decided to take the bull by the horns and tackle the problem by adopting a graduated, classified management approach that will include ongoing audits of pollution sources and intensified audits of special industries. In the case of household sewage, because it is impossible to ask the public to replace septic tanks with discharge line equipment capable of handling all household sewage overnight, immediate measures will primarily consist of guidance, control and awareness. Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework Strategy Measures Establishment of laws and systems 1. Review regulations of Water Pollution Control Act 2. Study and revise regulations of Marine Pollution Control Act 3. Promote enforcement of Soil and Groundwater Protection and Remediation Act Collection environmental background data 1. Collect environmental background data for river basins, reservoirs, soil, groundwater, ocean and bottom mud 2. Plan and review analysis and use of environmental background data and monitoring station data Water quality maintenance in rivers and reservoirs 1. River basin management plan 2. Non-point source pollution management plan 3. Industrial wastewater pollution reduction plan 4. Industrial park wastewater pollution reduction plan 5. Household sewage pollution reduction plan 6. Pollution source audit plan Marine water quality maintenance 1. Marine discharge permit tasks and management 2. Control and management of marine control zones and pollution source wastewater emissions 3. Cleanup and disposal of marine oil pollution Soil and groundwater pollution cleanup 1. Establishment of fund finance and management committee system 2. Strengthen soil and groundwater pollution cleanup response and polluted site control plans 3. Implement survey, assessment and disposal grade planning for pollution cleanup sites 4. Establish effective compensation request mechanism for fund Establishment of emergency response system 1. Emergency respond system for rivers, waterways and reservoirs 2. Promote establishment of a water pollution incident emergency respond system 3. Marine pollution emergency response system New Remediation Approach to Cleanup of Putzu River River and waterway cleanup has always been one of the EPA’s most consistent and intensive activities. But because this task must involve the numerous competent authorities in charge of target industries, bureaucratic hurdles have been daunting, and the government’s tireless efforts to clean up rivers and waterways have never delivered the desired ultimate benefits. Facing up to this less than desirable situation, starting this year (2001) the EPA has made a break with its past methods in the form of the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project (see EPM Vol. IV, Issue 10). The Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project is different from past approaches in the following ways: First, cleanup is being performed using the most effective and appropriate methods, with an eye to time-efficiency, in accordance with the characteristics of river and waterway pollution. The EPA points out that, of the major pollution sources affecting the Putzu River, 75% consist of household sewage, 13% consist of livestock wastewater, and 6.4% consist of industrial wastewater. Because it accounts for the greatest share of pollution, the cleanup of household sewage is given the highest priority under the project. In addition, the project calls for the simultaneous cleanup of all possible pollution sources throughout the entire basin. This synchronized approach promises to lower costs while shortening the cleanup timetable. Second, the strengthening of horizontal liaison and communication has effectively integrated the cleanup efforts of central and local governments. The EPA reminds people that because local governments, and not the central government, are responsible for implementing some of the most important river cleanup tasks, even the best central government plans will be ineffective without full local cooperation. EPA officials have made constant efforts to communicate with local governments during the implementation of the project, and have received a high level of support. The Chiayi City government has even taken the step of establishing a dedicated sewage system subsection on December 1st; subsection personnel are exclusively responsible for performing water pollution cleanup work. Third, the EPA is assisting in problem resolution and actively acquiring new pollution reduction technology. For example, the EPA is acquiring a new Japanese soil chamber biological treatment technique that uses natural methods to clean up wastewater in water source zones, non-urban planning zones and areas where sewer systems do not reach. While the EPA often outsourced environmental protection technology problems to technical consulting companies in the past, the EPA is playing a technical support role in the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project, and will use overseas fact-finding missions to bring advanced foreign environmental protection technology to Taiwan for use in remediation work. Fourth, the EPA is promoting local public participation, conducting environmental protection education and establishing ecological indicators and an ecological park. The ecological park is leaning towards the adoption of “ecological, near-natural working methods,” and considers maintaining biodiversity to be its first priority; concrete structures and other manmade objects will be avoided as much as possible in the park. After cleanup has been completed, the Putzu River will be like one of the “community rivers” maintained by local residents that are seen in the industrialized nations. The job of river and waterway cleanup is not something that can be completed in one or two days, nor can it be implemented by a single government agency acting on its own. The disappointing results of past cleanup work certainly don’t mean that remediation has been a failure, but it has been learned that lack of integration inevitably leads to sharply reduced effectiveness. The implementation of the Putzu River Basin Pollution Remediation Project has thus quietly caused a major shift in thinking about river and waterway cleanup. Dissecting the Bureau of Water Quality Protection’s Annual Budgets Considering the complexity of its duties and the extensive scope of its work, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection’s annual budget—usually around NT$500 million—is by no means as large as one might imagine. The following table shows the bureau’s budget for the 15-year period from FY1988 to FY2002. High in the early years, the bureau’s budget gradually drops starting in 1991, and doesn’t start rising until roughly 1999, noted Senior Specialist Hung-teh Tsai (蔡鴻德) of the Bureau of Water Quality Protection. The main reason the budget was above NT$700 million or even NT$1 billion in some years was because the funding required for the implementation of certain special programs, usually rather large amounts, was included within the regular budget. Taking 2000 as an example, the bureau’s total budget was close to NT$1.3 billion, but nearly NT$700 million was needed to compensate and remove hog raisers from water source zones—a program that is soon to be completed. Other recent programs have included the beautification of the Erchung Floodway and other riverside beautification and landscaping projects. Although the bureau’s funds are limited, it still manages to satisfactorily promote water quality protection and upgrade environmental protection facilities at the local government level. Of the 2001 budget, which rose slightly to a bit more than NT$500 million, roughly NT$180 million is earmarked for water quality protection and around NT$330 million is for local government environmental protection facilities. The former includes a number of clearly defined projects that are closely connected with water quality protection, including basin management projects and sewer system management projects. In contrast, upgrading local government environmental protection facilities oversteps the boundaries of water quality protection, at least as narrowly defined, and includes funding for the removal and disposal of unspecified waste by local governments, the construction of small incinerators in isolated areas, and other waste disposal facilities. Because these projects can effectively prevent wastes from polluting groundwater or water sources, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection allots budget funding for their implementation. The formal start of soil and groundwater pollution cleanup work in November of this year has required immense expenditures. Apart from levying soil and groundwater pollution cleanup fees from announced designated firms, the Bureau of Water Quality Protection must set aside a large amount of money in next year’s (2002) budget for this work. It’s not surprising that the provisional budget figure is the highest ever. Year-by-year Overview of Water Quality Protection Budget, 1988 to 2002 (units: NT$) Year 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 Budget 703,912,000 1,271,137,000 233,015,000 235,246,000 641,293,000 750,230,000 664,818,000 413,085,000 Year 1996 1997 1998 1999 Second half of 1999 & 2000 2001 2002 （not final） Budget 399,820,000 320,638,000 307,908,000 491,593,000 1,297,314,000 546,516,000 1,316,571,000

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Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework

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「Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework」所屬的資料集：「Environmental Policy Monthly」的其他資料

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編號： 380
標題： EY Gives Green Light to Draft of Soil Pollution Act
摘要： The Executive Yuan (EY) recently completed its review of the proposed Soil Pollution Control Act. Du
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Feature Article: Draft Industrial Waste Treatment Plan In the Works

編號： 593
標題： Feature Article: Draft Industrial Waste Treatment Plan In the Works
摘要： The EPA and Industrial Development Bureau completed a draft Industrial Waste Treatment Promotion Pla
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EIA Review Guidelines for Petroleum Tank Construction Passed

編號： 859
標題： EIA Review Guidelines for Petroleum Tank Construction Passed
摘要： The EPA recently announced its new EIA review guidelines governing the construction of storage tanks
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21 Additional Chemical Substances Listed as ToxicToxic Substance Management

編號： 370
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Restrictions on Use of Incinerator Reimbursements Loosenedwaste

編號： 550
標題： Restrictions on Use of Incinerator Reimbursements Loosened
摘要： In order to ensure the smooth completion of Taiwan's incinerator projects the EPA had set regulation
全文： In order to ensure the smooth completion of Taiwan's incinerator projects the EPA had set regulation

Remote Sensing Technology for Marine Oil Pollution Developed

編號： 583
標題： Remote Sensing Technology for Marine Oil Pollution Developed
摘要： On June 18 the EPA announced the results of an R&D project to develop remote sensing technology for
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Green Architecture Criteria Included in EIA Requirements for Housing Projects

編號： 626
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編號： 443
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Permit Regulations for Waste Disposal Organizations Simplified

編號： 870
標題： Permit Regulations for Waste Disposal Organizations Simplified
摘要： The EPA has recently announced the Permit and Management Regulations for Public and Private Waste Cl
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#10

EPA Decides to Make Small Change in Subsidy for Electric Scooters

編號： 675
標題： EPA Decides to Make Small Change in Subsidy for Electric Scooters
摘要： Following a commitment by industry representatives to sell 20000 electric scooters in 2001, EPA Admi
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#11

Feature Article: EPA Calls for Reducing Gas Consumption by Government Vehicles

編號： 620
標題： Feature Article: EPA Calls for Reducing Gas Consumption by Government Vehicles
摘要： To help reduce motor vehicle pollution the EPA recently proposed a plan to lower gasoline consumptio
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#12

Pingtung County Listed as Low Sulfur Oil Control Areaair1999

編號： 236
標題： Pingtung County Listed as Low Sulfur Oil Control Area
摘要： On August 19 the EPA formally announced Pingtung Countys listing as a low sulfur oil control area. O
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#13

Recycling Fund Management Committee EstablishedRecycling1999

編號： 251
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#14

EY Marine Pollution Incident Taskforce Begins Operationwater

編號： 714
標題： EY Marine Pollution Incident Taskforce Begins Operation
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#15

TQC in Eight Industrial ParksEnvironmental Impact Assessment

編號： 892
標題： TQC in Eight Industrial Parks
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#16

Feature: Industrial Park Wastewater Subject to Grading and Class

編號： 771
標題： Feature: Industrial Park Wastewater Subject to Grading and Classification Controls
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#17

Regulations for Soil Fund Fee Rates DraftedSoil and Groundwater

編號： 738
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#18

Electric Motorcycles Targeted as Key Industry for Development

編號： 112
標題： Electric Motorcycles Targeted as Key Industry for Development
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#19

EPA Announces Guidelines for Regularly Inspecting Stationary Pollution Sources

編號： 115
標題： EPA Announces Guidelines for Regularly Inspecting Stationary Pollution Sources
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#20

EPA Pushes Inspection and Cleanup of Er-Jen Riverwater2000

編號： 591
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#21

EPA Announces Changes to Toxic Substances Management Personnel Regulations

編號： 114
標題： EPA Announces Changes to Toxic Substances Management Personnel Regulations
摘要： Toxic Substance In support of the Toxic Substances Control Act’s new system of classifying the manag
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#22

Lead Content for Motor Vehicle Fuels Lowered Againair2000

編號： 426
標題： Lead Content for Motor Vehicle Fuels Lowered Again
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#23

New Management Regulations for Industrial Wastewaste2002

編號： 900
標題： New Management Regulations for Industrial Waste
摘要： The EPA is presently drafting new management regulations to accompany the newly-revised Waste Dispos
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#24

International Experts Discuss CDM in TaiwanClimate Change2000

編號： 508
標題： International Experts Discuss CDM in Taiwan
摘要： The EPA held an international conference to explore policies to help Taiwan in greenhouse gas reduct
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#25

President Hosts Love River Opening CeremonyGeneral Policy2002

編號： 993
標題： President Hosts Love River Opening Ceremony
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#26

Edgar Lin Travels the Island Hitting Back at PollutersGeneral Policy

編號： 651
標題： Edgar Lin Travels the Island Hitting Back at Polluters
摘要： Of late EPA Administrator Edgar Lin has been traveling continuously across the Island looking at env
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#27

Local Governments Asked to Phase Out Disposable TablewareRecycling

編號： 671
標題： Local Governments Asked to Phase Out Disposable Tableware
摘要： The EPA has proposed a program designed to phase out disposable tableware over three stages. The EP
全文： The EPA has proposed a program designed to phase out disposable tableware over three stages. The EP

#28

Golf Course Development to Remain FrozenEnvironmental Impact Assessment

編號： 864
標題： Golf Course Development to Remain Frozen
摘要： The 90th conference of the EPA EIA Review Committee passed the Criteria for the Review of Environmen
全文： The 90th conference of the EPA EIA Review Committee passed the Criteria for the Review of Environmen

#29

Industrial Waste Final Disposal Sites to be Moved Forward on a C

編號： 341
標題： Industrial Waste Final Disposal Sites to be Moved Forward on a Case-by-Case Basis
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全文： Existing final disposal sites for industrial waste in Taiwan have a total capacity of only about 1.0

#30

EY to Execute Staged Improvements to the Efficiency of Electrical Equipment

編號： 362
標題： EY to Execute Staged Improvements to the Efficiency of Electrical Equipment
摘要： Acting on conclusions reached by the ROC National Energy Conference the EPA and the Energy Commissio
全文： Acting on conclusions reached by the ROC National Energy Conference the EPA and the Energy Commissio

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Water Quality Management and Soil and Groundwater Remediation Framework

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